High PRL-3 expression in human gastric cancer is a marker of metastasis and grades of malignancies: an in situ hybridization study

Abstract

Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL)-3, encoding a 22-kD low molecular weight tyrosine phosphatase, has been reported to be associated with metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. We assessed the levels of PRL-3 mRNA expression to know whether its up-regulation was involved in progression and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. Levels of PRL-3 expression in 94 human gastric adenocarcinomas and 54 matched lymph node metastases were detected by in situ hybridization and compared with clinicopathological characteristics including prognosis. High PRL-3 expression was detected in 36.2% of primary gastric carcinoma (with nodal metastasis, 55.6%; without nodal metastasis, 10%; P < 0.001) and in 74.1% of lymph node metastases. The incidence of high PRL-3 expression in lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than in primary tumors (P < 0.044). Moreover, high expression of PRL-3 was closely associated with tumor size, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, extent of lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage. These results suggest that high PRL-3 expression may participate in the progression and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. PRL-3 might be a novel molecular marker for aggressive gastric cancer.

Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 as a prognostic biomarker in histologically node-negative gastric cancer

“…PRL-3 overexpression was significantly associated with JCGC stage (P<0.0001), lymph node metastasis (P<0.0001), lymphatic permeation (P=0.0007), and vascular permeation (P=0.01). These findings were almost consistent with previous studies, supporting the validity of PRL-3 overexpression defined in the present study (10,(22)(23)(24).…”

“…In addition, PRL-3 overexpression was frequently detected not only in lymph node metastasis, but also in peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer (10,(22)(23)(24). Moreover, SGC7901 gastric cancer cells with PRL-3 knockdown induced by artificial miRNA based on the murine miR-155 sequence significantly depressed the invasion and migration properties in vitro, and suppressed the growth of peritoneal metastases in nude mice (37).…”

“…In primary gastric cancer, PRL-3 overexpression was observed in 36.2-70.4% using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization and was associated with lymph node metastasis or peritoneal metastasis (10,(22)(23)(24), implying that PRL-3 may serve as a biomarker for broadening treatment strategies in clinical practice, but has not been previously assessed. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the characteristics of PRL-3 expression in primary gastric cancer and assessed its potential as a clinically applicable biomarker.…”

A Selective Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver Phosphatase Inhibitor Suppresses Tumor Cell Anchorage-Independent Growth by a Novel Mechanism Involving p130Cas Cleavage

“…5). Aberrant elevation of PRL-3 was also found in various other human cancers, such as liver carcinomas, gastric carcinomas, and ovarian cancers (6)(7)(8). In ovarian cancers, PRL-3 expression correlated with disease progression, being higher in advanced (stage III) than in early (stage I) tumors (8).…”

PRL-3 is essentially overexpressed in primary colorectal tumours and associates with tumour aggressiveness

“…Overexpression of PRL-1 and PRL-2 transformed mouse fibroblasts and hamster pancreatic epithelial cells in culture (Cates et al, 1996), and promoted tumour growth in nude mice (Diamond et al, 1994). PRL-3 gene, located in 8q24-3, has been involved in processes of migration, invasion and metastasis in different types of cancer (Miskad et al, , 2007Wu et al, 2004;Polato et al, 2005;Radke et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2006;Qian et al, 2007). Initially, specific overexpression of PRL-3 in colorectal cancer liver metastases (LMs) was observed when compared with matched primary tumours in association with gene amplification (Saha et al, 2001;Bardelli et al, 2003).…”