High prevalence of syphilis among street-based female sex workers in Nanchang, China

Tao, Xiao Hua; Jiang, Tao; Shao, Dan; Xue, Wei; Ye, Fa Shun; Wang, Ming; He, Mei

doi:10.4103/2229-5178.142491

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…We found that FSWs who used drugs were at higher risk of HIV acquisition than those who did not, which was also shown in another study in Vietnam [ 26 ]. We also found that FSWs who always used condoms with clients in the previous month were negatively associated with new HIV infection, which has also been recognized in many other studies [ 27 – 29 ]. The above factors indicate that FSWs who were LTFU in the Kaiyuan cohort had a lower risk of acquiring HIV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Loss to follow-up and HIV incidence in female sex workers in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province China: a nine year longitudinal study

Ding²,

Reilly³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundLongitudinal studies of female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to loss to follow-up (LTFU) due to this population’s high mobility and low willingness to self-identify as FSWs. LTFU in cohort studies is a critical problem and may lead to bias in estimation of incidence and exposure-outcome associations. The aim of this study was to analyze LTFU and HIV incidence and their associated factors in a 9-year longitudinal study of FSWs in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province, China.MethodsThis analysis includes all HIV-1 seronegative FSWs who were recruited into a prospective study in Kaiyuan with at least one follow-up visit after enrollment from March 2006 to November 2013. Participants were visited in 6-month intervals after enrollment. Their demographic and behavioral data and blood specimens for HIV and sexual transmitted disease testing were collected at enrollment and at each follow-up visit. The administrative censoring date was December 31, 2014. Participants were considered LTFU if their last visit occurred 1 year or more before the administrative censoring date. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression models with time-independent variables were used to investigate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of the factors associated with LTFU and HIV acquisition.ResultsOf the 1158 FSWs, 950 were defined as LTFUs (LTFU rate: 29.69, 95 % CI: 27.85–31.62 per 100 person years [PYs]), and 33 experienced HIV seroconversions (cumulative incidence: 1.06, 95 % CI: 0.74–1.47 per 100 PYs). After adjustment, we found that FSWs who used drugs were less likely to be LTFU compared with non-drug users (adjust hazard ratio [AHR]= 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.51–0.76), though FSWs who used drug were associated with a higher risk of HIV acquisition (AHR = 3.06, 95 % CI: 1.49–6.30). Also, FSWs who always used condoms with clients in the previous month were associated with a higher risk of LTFU (AHR = 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.15–1.97), while they were negative associated with new HIV infection (AHR = 0.28, 95 % CI: 0.12–0.61).ConclusionsA high LTFU rate exists in the Kaiyuan FSW cohort study, and LTFU did not occur at random. Participants retained in the cohort tended to be at higher risk of HIV acquisition, which may result in an overestimate of the incidence of HIV infection from the Kaiyuan FSW cohort.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Loss to follow-up and HIV incidence in female sex workers in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province China: a nine year longitudinal study

Ding²,

Reilly³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Secondly, after retirement, older males were likely to engage in commercial sexual activities [19], which led to the rise of HIV/syphilis prevalence in the population of China’s older males [7, 35]. A high rate of inconsistent condom use at commercial sex was reported in several studies [36–38], and those with inconsistent condom use at commercial sex had a higher risk of the HIV/syphilis infection than those with consistent condom use [36, 39]. Besides, selling sex was identified as a risk factor of the HIV/syphilis infection because of the high frequency of unprotected anal intercourse and multiple sexual partners [40, 41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compare HIV/syphilis infections between age groups and explore associated factors of HIV/syphilis co-infections among men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China, from 2009 to 2017

Weng¹,

Hong²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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The aim of this study is to assess the HIV/syphilis epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) aged <50 years and ≥50 years in Shenzhen, and explore the associated factors of HIV/syphilis co-infections among MSM in Shenzhen, in order to help prevention and intervention programs determine their target sub-group. A serial cross-sectional study was conducted on MSM in Shenzhen city, China from 2009 to 2017. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, history of HIV testing, history of blood donation and sexual behaviors. 5 ml of venous blood were collected for syphilis and HIV tests. The overall prevalence of HIV, syphilis, HIV/syphilis co-infection was 9.40%, 18.97%, and 4.91%, respectively. The prevalence of HIV (15.26%), syphilis (27.71%), HIV/syphilis co-infection (9.24%) in aged ≥50 years MSM was significantly higher than aged <50 years MSM (9.15%, 18.59% and 4.72%, respectively). The following factors were found to be significantly associated with HIV/syphilis co-infections (P<0.05): age≥50 years (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.10–2.87), high school or lower (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.10–2.01), monthly income ≤436.2 USD (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.25–2.42), monthly income 436.4–727.2 USD (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.05–2.03), ≥2 anal sex partners in the past 6 months (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.02–2.49), ≥2 oral sex partners in the past 6 months (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.08–2.36), inconsistent condom use during anal sex in the past 6 months (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11–2.03). We found that aged <50 years and ≥50 years MSM in Shenzhen had a high prevalence of HIV/syphilis infection in a period from 2009 to 2017. Age-specific sexually transmitted diseases education, prevention, and intervention programs for aged ≥50 years MSM should be implemented urgently and integrated interventions of both HIV and syphilis infections on MSM are needed in the future.

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“…STDs. This research shows that syphilis infection rate of OFSWs in Qingdao is lower than which is in Sichuan Province(62.5%) [6] . But it is higher than prevalence rate of young female sexual workers(7.36) ,…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…But that doesn't mean the OFSWs without infection but means infection rate is still low. Due to the infection with syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases, genital tract mucosal ulcer will appear and the susceptibility of HIV will increase [17] ，also OFSWs with syphilis and other venereal diseases will develop colossal ulcer in genital tract which increases the susceptibility of HIV. STDs is an important co-factor infected with the HIV [18] .…”

Section: Object Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Risk Factors of Older Female Sex Workers Infected with AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Feng¹,

Feng²,

Li³

et al. 2016

ijSciences

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Objectives This article aimed to figure out the epidemic situation and risk factors of AIDS and syphilis among old female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao, and to provide foundation for aimed interventions. Methods In 2013, 406 cases of study participants were recruited in the qualitative research and community-based companion promotion survey, one-to-one questionnaire survey was conducted and blood samples were taken to detect HIV and syphilis. Results There were 0 case of HIV-positive in older female sex workers and 120 cases of syphilis-positive in older female sex workers (29.6%); ANOVA showed that Qingdao local household register, age and whether HIV testing was done were risk factors for syphilis infection. Conclusion The syphilis infection rates of OFSWs in Qingdao were high, and the risks of infection and spread of AIDS were also increasing daily.

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High prevalence of syphilis among street-based female sex workers in Nanchang, China

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Loss to follow-up and HIV incidence in female sex workers in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province China: a nine year longitudinal study

Loss to follow-up and HIV incidence in female sex workers in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province China: a nine year longitudinal study

Compare HIV/syphilis infections between age groups and explore associated factors of HIV/syphilis co-infections among men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China, from 2009 to 2017

Study on Risk Factors of Older Female Sex Workers Infected with AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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