High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in school-aged children in a rural highland of north-western Ethiopia: the role of intensive diagnostic work-up

Amor, Arancha; Rodríguez, Esperanza; Saugar, José María; Arroyo, Ana B.; López-Quintana, Beatriz; Abera, Bayeh; Yimer, Mulat; Yizengaw, Endalew; Zewdie, Derejew; Ayehubizu, Zimman; Hailu, Tadesse; Mulu, Wondemagegn; Echazú, Adriana; Krolewieki, Alejandro J.; Aparicio, Pilar; Herrador, Zaida; Anegagrie, Melaku; Benito, Agustín

doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1912-8

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our results are in accordance with reports from elsewhere that PCR performs well using fecal samples and that no consecutive samples are needed to improve the power of the diagnostic technique (9,25,34). We found that the POL method revealed a significantly higher sensitivity (78% versus 31%) than the widely and traditionally used QIA method.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A long-debated aspect of molecular diagnostics is the C T cutoff: in the literature it is frequently set at 40 (17,18,37), but some authors set it at 35 (19) or do not mention it (9,30,34). A high C T cutoff often results in unspecific amplification, which is more likely at later real-time PCR cycles, and possible cross-contamination of highly positive samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Two DNA Extraction Methods for Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

et al. 2018

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is present worldwide, but its prevalence is still uncertain, mainly due to the lack of sensitivity of diagnostic methods. Molecular techniques are under development, but a standardized protocol is still unavailable. We compared the sensitivity of real-time PCR, using two extraction protocols, with that of the Baermann technique. Samples were collected in the framework of the baseline screening of a randomized clinical trial evaluating moxidectin against in Lao People's Democratic Republic. Two stool samples from each participant were processed by the Baermann method, and one subsample was processed by PCR. DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA stool minikit based on the standard protocol for the QIAamp DNA minikit (QIA) and using a modification of the QIA procedure (POL). Subsequently, all extracted samples were analyzed by real-time PCR. Overall, 95 samples were analyzed by the three diagnostic methods. Sixty-nine (72.6%) samples were positive according to the Baermann method, 25 (26.3%) by the QIA method, and 62 (65.3%) by the POL method. The sensitivities were 86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.7 to 92.9), 31.0% (95% CI, 21.3 to 42.6), and 78.0% (95% CI, 66.8 to 86.1) for the Baermann, QIA, and POL methods, respectively. The sensitivities calculated for each day of the Baermann method separately were 60% (48.4 to 70.8%) and 64% (52.2 to 74.2%) for days 1 and 2, respectively. In conclusion, the POL method revealed a good performance and was comparable to the Baermann test performed on two stool samples and superior to the Baermann method performed on one stool sample. Additional studies are needed to standardize a PCR protocol for diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Two DNA Extraction Methods for Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

et al. 2018

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“…Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms are highly prevalent in students living in areas with poor sanitary conditions (AMOR et al, 2016). Despite not finding hookworms in this study, geo-helminthiases such as ascaridiasis and trichuriasis were detected.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Recent epidemiological data suggest that strongyloidiasis is under-reported. Nevertheless, accurate data remain essential to support control and elimination intervention programs (AMOR et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitism and related risk factors for primary school students in João Pessoa, northeast Brazil

Monteiro¹,

Soares²,

Diniz³

et al. 2018

Biosci. J.

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The goal of the present study was to determine both prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasitism in school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single primary school located in João Pessoa, from February to August in 2016. The students were selected from the age group of 5-16 years. Of the school total of 341 students, 150 fecal specimens (from participants) were collected and were evaluated by three methods: Hoffman, Pons, and Janer (HPJ); Rugai; and the Paratest ® Kit. A questionnaire concerning socio-demographic, environmental and behavioral variables was also applied. A logistic regression model was used to explain the occurrence of intestinal parasitism and the associated risk factors. The prevalence was 38.7% of students, with positive samples being more prevalent in the male students (47.0%). The most common parasite was Giardia lamblia 13 (14.8%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 8 (9%), Enterobius vermicularis 5 (5.7%), Strongyloides stercolaris 2 (2.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides 2 (2.3%) and Trichuris trichiura 2 (2.3%). Among the enterocommensals, the most frequent was Endolimax nana 36 (40.9%) followed by Entamoeba coli 20 (22.7%). The variables that presented statistical significance (p-value<0.05) ) together with the Odds Ratio (OR) were: gender (female) (OR=2.4; 95% CI, 0.19-0.98), family allowance participant (yes) (OR=4.4; 95% CI, 1.84-10.66), number of rooms in the residence (OR=3.5; 95% CI, 1.13-10.64), family nucleus (OR=7.0; 95% CI, 1.46-12.43), fruit and vegeTable hygiene (OR=2.0; 95% CI, 1.23-3.36), use of anthelmintic (OR= 0.02; 95% CI, 0.001-0.30) and detection of worms (OR=25.0; 95% CI, 20.6-30.10). Diseases caused by protozoa were more prevalent. The analyzed risk factors demonstrate that disease transmission happens through differing routes. Thus, appropriate health intervention strategies should be implemented to reduce the burden of intestinal parasites for school students and their families.

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“…According to laboratory tests performed in a child, the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis was justified merely by the presence of Str. stercoralis larvae in feces, which might be precarious (Table 2) [13,20,21].…”

Section: Figure 1 Life Cycle Of Strongyloides Stercoralis (By Mahon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Случай Стронгилоидоза, Сочетанного С Сальмонеллезом, У Младенца: Диагностические Рассуждения

Маврутенков¹,

Cherginets²,

Shvaratska³

et al. 2021

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Background. Pediatric co-infections are an emerging clinical problem due to their increasing prevalence and tendency to transform a typical clinical presentation of particular diseases. Thereafter, it tangles the accurate estimation of etiology, complicates the management and negatively impacts the outcome. Given the climatic changes, significant migratory flows and international tourism, tropical helminthiases, previously not common in Ukraine, are a real threat to the public health, especially in combination with other pathogens. Materials and methods. We observed a case of strongyloidiasis and salmonellosis in a Ukrainian 5-month-old female infant who had no history of visiting any of the sub-or tropical territory of the globe. The girl came from a socially vulnerable family and was abandoned by her homeless parents immediately after admission. The girl presented with severe toxic manifestations, diarrhea, developmental delay, moderate-to-severe malnutrition and dehydration, and maculopapular rash on the trunk and lower extremities. Direct light microscopy of feces revealed Str. stercoralis in the number of more than 10 mobile larvae per high-power field, at different stages of development. Bronchial lavage fluid contained no larvae of Str. stercoralis. Fecal culture revealed group D S. enteritidis. Chemotherapy with ceftriaxone IV and oral albendazole resulted in elimination of both pathogens. Conclusions. The given case of S. enteritidis and Str. stercoralis co-infection should be considered as a probable case of autochthonous Str. stercoralis infection, as it was not confirmed by more reliable diagnostic methods (e.g. PCR for Str. stercoralis DNA), and demonstrates a doubtful epidemiological history. Consequently, to improve the diagnosis of endemic parasitic infections, it is necessary to introduce such a verification as compulsory, and mandatory registration of relevant cases in the Ukrainian National System of Epidemiological Surveillance and Biosecurity is required.

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High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in school-aged children in a rural highland of north-western Ethiopia: the role of intensive diagnostic work-up

Cited by 55 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of Two DNA Extraction Methods for Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

Evaluation of Two DNA Extraction Methods for Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

Intestinal parasitism and related risk factors for primary school students in João Pessoa, northeast Brazil

Случай Стронгилоидоза, Сочетанного С Сальмонеллезом, У Младенца: Диагностические Рассуждения

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