High prevalence of porcine circovirus viremia in newborn piglets in five clinically normal swine breeding herds in North America

Shen, Huigang; Wang, Chong; Madson, Darin M.; Opriessnig, Tanja

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.09.020

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Vaccination of dams as done here, rather than on 2-to 3-week-old piglets (10,12,22), might prove advantageous. The perinatal virus load of gilts or piglets may have been underestimated at least in some herds (15,45). PCV2 can infect a variety of cells and preferentially replicates in dividing cells (49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vaccination of Dams Increases Antibody Titer and Improves Growth Parameters in Finisher Pigs Subclinically Infected with Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Kurmann

Sydler

Brugnera

et al. 2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the obligate infectious agent in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) of pigs. To control PMWS, we vaccinated dams at 4 and 2 weeks before pregnancy and again in the 12th week of gestation with an inactivated PCV2 vaccine (Circovac). Two producer farms run under the control of Swiss Swine Health Organization were selected for the experiment. Previously, in one farm PMWS was diagnosed on pigs after weaning, whereas in the other farm, pigs wasted during the fattening period. For the experiments 113 dams were randomly vaccinated, and 111 dams were sham injected. Vaccination increased serum antibodies in dams 3-to 9-fold, accompanied by serum antibody titer increases in their offspring. In the sixth week of life, progeny from vaccinated dams had about the same IgG antibody titers as progeny of unvaccinated dams at the third day of life. In sera of vaccinated dams only low concentrations of PCV2 DNA were detected, and no progeny developed PMWS. Interestingly, at day 56 four progeny of unvaccinated dams tested positive for anti-PCV2 IgM antibodies, indicating a primary infection with PCV2. Of economic importance is the observation that progeny of vaccinated dams had a significantly higher daily weight gain in the fattening period (farm X, ؉51 g/day; farm Y, ؉30 g/day) and thus a shortened fattening period of about 6 days compared to progeny of controls. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of subclinical circovirus infection and its effects on growth performance of fattening pigs by vaccination of dams.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCV2 infection in fetuses was verified and was associated with myocarditis, fibrosis, and degeneration of the myocardium as well as depletion of lymphocytes (32,38). Recent evidence further suggests that intrauterine infection may have been underestimated at least in some herds (45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination of Dams Increases Antibody Titer and Improves Growth Parameters in Finisher Pigs Subclinically Infected with Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Kurmann

Sydler

Brugnera

et al. 2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The findings in this study confirm and extend previous observations that PCV2 can be vertically transmitted and could be present in large amounts within lymphoid tissues from piglets infected in utero (West et al ., 1999). PCV2 viremia was detected in 48.7% of live-born healthy piglets, thus confirming that after a maternal viraemic episode there is intra-uterine exposure of fetuses to PCV2 without in utero infection in all of them (Sanchéz et al ., 2001;Pensaert et al ., 2004;Yoon et al ., 2004;Madson et al ., 2009b;Saha et al ., 2010;Shen et al ., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and neutralizing antibodies in subclinically infected gilts, and the effect on their litters

Monroy

Galvis

Nieto

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dinámica de la infección por el circovirus porcino tipo 2 y títulos de anticuerpos neutralizantes en las cerdas de reemplazo subclinicamente infectadas, y el efecto en sus camadasDinâmica da infeção pelo circovirus porcino tipo 2 e títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes em porcas nulíparas subclínicamente infectadas e efeito em sua leitegada Summary Background: porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with reproductive disease in newly populated herds and in replacement breeding stock from new sources and is almost exclusively reported in gilts. Objective: the main purpose of this study was to assess the dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and neutralizing antibodies in subclinically infected gilts and the effect on their piglets. Methods: the study was conducted with 40 gilts selected at random from four breeding herds. Blood samples, nasal and vaginal swabs were obtained from the gilts at arrival, acclimatization, farrowing, and one day after farrowing. Colostrum samples were collected immediately after parturition and one day after farrowing. Blood, nasal swab, or tissue samples were collected from four piglets prior to suckling. All serums were analyzed by virus neutralization test (VNT) to establish the presence of antibodies. All samples were subjected to SYBER Green real-time PCR assay to detect PCV2 DNA. Results: high levels of viremia and viral load of PCV2 in nasal and vaginal swabs were found in healthy gilts at arriving, confirming the introduction of infected animals into the farms. In addition, most gilts were positive for PCV2 DNA in serum, nasal and vaginal swabs at farrowing. PCV2 shedding was also observed in nasal and vaginal fluids and colostrum even in presence of serum neutralizing

show abstract

“…PCVAD include PCV2-subclinical infection (PCV2-SI), PCV2 systemic disease (PCV2-SD, initially named as post-weaning multisystem wasting syndrome (PMWS), PCV2-reproductive disease (PCV2-RD), porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), respiratory complex and enteritis ( Segalés, 2012; Shen et al , 2010). PCV-SD is considered the most economically significant condition for the swine industry among all PCVAD ( Segalés, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, chimeric PCV1-2 vaccine contains the immunogenic capsid gene of PCV2a cloned into the genome backbone of the non-pathogenic PCV1 ( Segalés, 2015). Moreover, subunit recombinant vaccines express the capsid protein within a baculovirus system ( Shen et al , 2010; Trible & Rowland, 2012) and are recommended for pigs between 2 and 4 weeks of age. However, off-label use of the chimeric vaccines in sows and gilts can result in the reduction of viremia and increased ADWG in the offspring ( Fraile et al , 2012; Segalés, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal comparison of the humoral immune response and viral load of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in pigs with different vaccination schemes under field conditions

Vargas-Bermúdez

Díaz²,

Mogollón

et al. 2018

F1000Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infections are distributed Background: worldwide and cause Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD). To minimize the impact of PCV2 infection on swine health and production, different vaccination schemes have been used since 2006. However, the association between vaccination schemes, virus load and disease under field conditions are not completely understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effect of two different PCV2 vaccination schemes on the humoral response and PCV2 load in pigs after weaning under field conditions. Two commercial pig farms (Farm A and B), endemically infected Methods: with PCV2, which were using two different PCV2 subunit vaccinations schemes for sow, gilts and piglets, were selected. We designed a longitudinal study and measured IgG levels by ELISA and virus load by quantitative PCR in pigs after weaning. Forty 3-week old piglets were randomly selected at weaning and followed for 20 weeks. IgG levels and virus loads were compared within and between farms and considered statistically different if the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test p value was lower than 0.05.We found that low virus loads were maintained in pigs from both Results: farms regardless of the vaccination scheme used (p>0.05). However, there was significant difference in the mean IgG levels observed over time (p<0.05), suggesting that different humoral immune response are not necessarily associated with different virus loads observed over time.These results are important because they can help to prevent Conclusions: PCV2 infections using different vaccination schemes to minimize the effect of PCVAD on swine health and production.

show abstract

High prevalence of porcine circovirus viremia in newborn piglets in five clinically normal swine breeding herds in North America

Cited by 57 publications

References 37 publications

Vaccination of Dams Increases Antibody Titer and Improves Growth Parameters in Finisher Pigs Subclinically Infected with Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Vaccination of Dams Increases Antibody Titer and Improves Growth Parameters in Finisher Pigs Subclinically Infected with Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and neutralizing antibodies in subclinically infected gilts, and the effect on their litters

Longitudinal comparison of the humoral immune response and viral load of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in pigs with different vaccination schemes under field conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About