High Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in HIV-Infected Persons

Abstract

The prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic PAD is high in the HIV-infected population and is much higher than expected (prevalence in the general population, approximately 3% at 60 years). This study suggests the presence of an epidemic of PAD approximately 20 years earlier in the HIV-infected than in the general population. Larger epidemiological studies are needed to better define risk factors and to evaluate whether PAD is associated with increased mortality, as it is in the general population.

An unexpected cause of digital gangrene: HIV associated peripheral arterial thrombosis

“…A study by Periard et al reported a sixfold increased risk for PAD in HIV-infected individuals as well as earlier onset of the disease compared with HIV-negative patients. 1 Multivaried analysis in this study identified age, smoking, diabetes, and low CD4 T-cell count (<200 cells/μl) as significant predictors of PAD. Among most patients critical ischaemia is confined to one limb and, in particular, the lower limbs.…”

Gangrene Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

“…There is also a lower incidence of the typical risk factors for atherosclerosis like smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus in these patients with HIV with peripheral vascular disease. CD4 T-cell (Periard et al, 2008). Literature suggests that the incidence of symptomatic vasculitis is in the region of 0.4% to 1% of HIV-infected patients (Kaye, 1996;Kakrani et al, 2003).…”

“…This strongly suggests that aneurysm and thrombosis are different expressions of the same pathological process. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is more prevalent in the HIV-infected population than in the general population (Periard, 2008). There is a six-fold increased risk for PAD in HIVinfected individuals as well as an earlier onset of the disease compared with HIV-negative patients (Periard et al, 2008).…”

“…Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is more prevalent in the HIV-infected population than in the general population (Periard, 2008). There is a six-fold increased risk for PAD in HIVinfected individuals as well as an earlier onset of the disease compared with HIV-negative patients (Periard et al, 2008). Broad spectrum of rheumatic syndromes are associated with HIV infection ranging from arthralgias to reactive arthritis, myopathy and fibromyalgia to more severe necrotizing vasculitis (Uppal & Achutan, 1997).…”

Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with HIV Infection

“…Currently, CVD is the second most frequent cause of death among HIV patients, with the first being cancer [2]. The subclinical makers of atherosclerosis, such as carotid, femoral, or iliac intima-media thickness are consistently greater and progress earlier among the HIV-positive population than among the general population [3,4].…”