High Prevalence of Non-B HIV-1 Subtypes in Overseas Sailors and Prostitutes in Korea

Cho, Young-Keol; Kim, Jung Eun; Foley, Brian

doi:10.1089/aid.2017.0238

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among the 876 infected individuals reported from 1985 to 1998, OSs accounted for 18.4% 1 . Previous studies have shown that 80% of patients in these groups and their partners were infected with non-B subtype viruses 5 , 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis for non-B subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Busan, Korea

Lee

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Recent data on non-B subtypes’ epidemiology among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in Korea are lacking. We aimed to assess the changing trends in the epidemiology of non-B subtypes of HIV-1 in Korea using phyloepidemiological analyses. We analyzed the demographic records and sequencing data obtained from genotypic drug resistance tests between 2005 and 2019 from 517 patients infected with HIV attending a tertiary care hospital in Busan, Korea. Subtyping and phylogenetic analyses with reference sequences were performed. Additionally, transmission clusters were identified via maximum-likelihood trees. Non-B subtypes accounted for 21.3% of the 517 sequences. CRF01_AE (52.7%) was the most common non-B subtype, followed by CRF02_AG (16.4%), A1 (11.8%), and C (5.5%). The prevalence of non-B subtypes decreased from 36.4 to 13.4% by 2009, while it increased to 27.4% between 2015 and 2019. Among patients with non-B subtypes, the proportion of overseas sailors decreased from 66.7 to 7.5%; contrarily, the proportion of men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) increased from 0 to 46.9% over the study period. We identified 8 transmission clusters involving non-B subtypes, with sizes ranging from 2 to 4 patients, including 3 clusters containing MSM. Our results highlight the changes in the epidemiological trends of non-B subtypes of HIV-1 in Korea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis for non-B subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Busan, Korea

Lee

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Since 1988, Korean OSs had undergone compulsory testing for anti-HIV-1 antibody [17]. If each OS returns to Korea once every 2 or 3 years, the time of primary infection can be estimated relatively precisely in conjunction with previous negative results for anti-HIV-1 antibody.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 and 5). In 1988–1992, various non-B subtypes were transmitted to Korea through OSs [17]. As some of these were homosexual, recombinant strains of KSB and non-B may have arisen, as in patient 92-65, who was infected with subtype D based on the nef gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequences of the nef gene were determined in 381 patients [17], [25]. Of these, six were infected with subtype D and 157 with subtype B; of the latter, 36 were infected with Western subtype B and 121 with the Korean subclade of subtype B (KSB) [25] (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mandatory testing of overseas sailors (OSs) in Korea for antibodies to HIV-1 from 1988 to 1993 identified several who were infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2, including six who were infected with HIV-1 subtype D and the remainder with subtype B [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of HIV-1 subtype and Korean Red Ginseng on AIDS progression: comparison of subtype B and subtype D

Cho

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

Journal of Ginseng Research

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Background To date, no study has described disease progression in Asian patients infected with HIV-1 subtype D. Methods To determine whether the disease progression differs in patients infected with subtypes D and B prior to starting combination antiretroviral therapy, the annual decline (AD) in CD4 + T cell counts over 96 ± 59 months was retrospectively analyzed in 163 patients and compared in subtypes D and B based on the nef gene. Results CD4 + T cell AD was significantly higher in the six subtype D–infected patients than in the 157 subtype B–infected patients irrespective of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) treatment ( p < 0.001). Of these, two subtype D–infected patients and 116 subtype B–infected patients had taken KRG. AD was significantly lower in patient in the KRG-treated group than in those in the KRG-naïve group irrespective of subtype ( p < 0.05). To control for the effect of KRG, patients not treated with KRG were analyzed, with AD found to be significantly greater in subtype D–infected patients than in subtype B–infected patients ( p < 0.01). KRG treatment had a greater effect on AD in subtype D–infected patients than in subtype B–infected patients (4.5-fold vs. 1.6-fold). Mortality rates were significantly higher in both the 45 KRG-naïve ( p < 0.001) and all 163 ( p < 0.01) patients infected with subtype D than subtype B. Conclusion Subtype D infection is associated with a >2-fold higher risk of death and a 2.9-fold greater rate of progression than subtype B, regardless of KRG treatment.

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Genetic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF06_cpx and CRF56_cpx strains isolated in Guangzhou, China

Lan

Cai

et al. 2021

Arch Virol

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Strains of the HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) 06_cpx and 56_cpx were identified for the first time in Guangzhou, China. The nearly full-length genome (NFLG) sequence was amplified, and the PCR products were sequenced by the Sanger method. The CRF06_cpx and CRF56_cpx strains were identified using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) and confirmed by neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, these strains were found to contain transmitted drug resistance mutations that have little effect on first-line efavirenz (EFV)-based treatment. Genetic analysis of the detailed sequence data will provide more information on the HIV-1 epidemic in China.The first cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, were reported in 1986. Along with the rapid spread of HIV-1 infections, many HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRF) have been identified, including CRF07_ BC, CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC, CRF55_01B, CRF59_01B, subtype A1, subtype B, subtype C, CRF02_AG, and CRF12_BF [1].CRF06_cpx, a complex CRF of HIV-1 composed of subtypes A, G, K, and J, was first reported in Burkina Faso in 1998 [2] and has circulated widely in other African countries [3][4][5]. CRF06_cpx isolates have also been reported in Australia [3], Europe [6], and Asia [7]. In mainland China, although a few CRF06_cpx cases have been reported in

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High Prevalence of Non-B HIV-1 Subtypes in Overseas Sailors and Prostitutes in Korea

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis for non-B subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Busan, Korea

Epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis for non-B subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Busan, Korea

Impact of HIV-1 subtype and Korean Red Ginseng on AIDS progression: comparison of subtype B and subtype D

Genetic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF06_cpx and CRF56_cpx strains isolated in Guangzhou, China

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