High prevalence of malnutrition and frailty among older adults at admission to residential aged care

Chatindiara, Idah; Allen, Jacqueline; Hettige, Dushanka; Senior, Stacey; Richter, Marilize; Kruger, Marlena; Wham, Carol

doi:10.1071/hc20042

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Residents with (94%) or without ONS (77%) consumption both had a high prevalence of malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition. These results were consistent with previous local aged care investigations [ 13 , 53 ]. The high prevalence of malnutrition implies the importance of assessing the risk of malnutrition in those with dysphagia due to their close associations [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

A Comparison of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status between Aged Care Residents Consuming Texture-Modified Diets with and without Oral Nutritional Supplements

Yousif

Miles

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are high-energy and protein-rich nutrition drinks that are commonly prescribed to individuals with compromised nutritional status. Aged care residents requiring texture-modified diets are exposed to poor oral intake and malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the dietary intake and nutritional status of residents consuming texture-modified diets with and without ONS. This multicentre cross-sectional study included 85 residents consuming texture-modified diets (86.0 ± 8.7 y; n = 46 requiring ONS and n = 39 without ONS). A one-day dietary record was completed using a validated visual plate waste estimation method. To determine the adequacy, nutrition intake was then calculated using FoodWorks (Xyris Ltd., Brisbane, Australia) and compared to the recommended dietary intake for Australia and New Zealand. The Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form was collected to assess nutritional status. Residents receiving ONS had significantly higher energy, protein, carbohydrates and fat intake than those who did not consume ONS (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in saturated fat, fibre or sodium intake. With the administration of ONS, residents were able to meet their protein requirement but fell short of their energy and carbohydrates requirements. Both groups had inadequate fibre intake and a high saturated fat intake. A total of 48% of the residents were at risk of malnutrition and 38% were malnourished. Aged care residents requiring texture-modified diets are at high risk of malnutrition as a result of inadequate dietary intake. Administration of ONS may be an effective strategy to optimise nutrition intake.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

A Comparison of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status between Aged Care Residents Consuming Texture-Modified Diets with and without Oral Nutritional Supplements

Yousif

Miles

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…181 Of the 32 included studies, none of them recruited a nationally-representative 182 sample, twelve studies were from Europe and North America [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] seventeen from Asia 183 [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] two from Oceania [63,64] and one from South America [65]. Two studies recruited 184 participants aged 80 years or older [34,41], reporting too high prevalences of dysphagia to 185 be representative for the purpose of the present study.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Methods for Assessment of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Doan

Wang

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of dysphagia in older adults, subgrouping by recruitment settings and varying dysphagia assessment methods. Methods: Five major databases were systematically searched through January 2022. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the pooled prevalence. Results: Prevalence of dysphagia in the community-dwelling elderly screened by water swallow test was 12.14% (95% CI: 6.48% to 19.25%, I2 = 0%), which was significantly lower than the combined prevalence of 30.52% (95% CI: 21.75% to 40.07%, I2 = 68%) assessed by Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) and volume-viscosity swallow test (V−VST). The dysphagia prevalence among elderly nursing home residents evaluated by SSA was 58.69% (95% CI: 47.71% to 69.25%, I2 = 0%) and by the Gugging Swallowing Screen test (GUSS) test was 53.60% (95% CI: 41.20% to 65.79%, I2 = 0%). The prevalence of dysphagia in hospitalized older adults screened by the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool was 24.10% (95% CI: 16.64% to 32.44%, I2 = 0%), which was significantly lower than those assessed by V-VST or GUSS tests of 47.18% (95% CI: 38.30% to 56.14%, I2 = 0%). Conclusions: Dysphagia is prevalent in the elderly, affecting approximately one in three community-dwelling elderly, almost half of the geriatric patients, and even more than half of elderly nursing home residents. The use of non-validated screening tools to report dysphagia underestimates its actual prevalence.

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“…As the global population ages and reliance on residential aged care grows, malnutrition is emerging as a health concern in older adults, particularly those living in aged care facilities [1,2]. A key contributing factor to this is swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) that can compromise nutritional status and overall quality of life in this vulnerable population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition in aged care: interplay between dysphagia and diet

Miles

Braakhuis

2023

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

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Purpose of review This review aims to deliver expert insights on the current advances and challenges in managing malnutrition in aged care settings, with a specific emphasis on the interaction between dysphagia and diet. Recent findings Several reviews identify the high prevalence of dysphagia in aged care facilities and highlight the correlation between dysphagia and malnutrition. Recent studies underscore the importance of nutrition and cancer screening and assessment, yet highlight the lack of consensus on the definitive tools to be used. There is a growth in employing innovative implementations for enhancing swallowing function and optimizing texture-modified foods. Summary Early identification and strategic interventions are vital for managing malnutrition and dysphagia in aged care facilities, as these conditions are widespread and lead to a higher risk of complications. Although nutritional strategies have shown potential in enhancing oral intake for residents requiring texture-modified foods, lack of investigation on functional outcomes and long-term impact have been highlighted, emphasizing the need for continued research and development of effective assessment tools and targeted interventions to optimize the care for this at-risk group.

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High prevalence of malnutrition and frailty among older adults at admission to residential aged care

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

A Comparison of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status between Aged Care Residents Consuming Texture-Modified Diets with and without Oral Nutritional Supplements

A Comparison of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status between Aged Care Residents Consuming Texture-Modified Diets with and without Oral Nutritional Supplements

Prevalence and Methods for Assessment of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Malnutrition in aged care: interplay between dysphagia and diet

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