High prevalence of low dairy calcium intake and association with insomnia, anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal pain in university students from Jordan

Abstract

Objective: To assess dairy Ca intake and investigate its relationship with insomnia and other common co-morbidities including anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among university students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University, Irbid, Jordan. Participants: Male and female individuals (n 1000), aged 20·87 ± 2·69 years. Results: Low dairy Ca intake (<1000 mg/d) was reported by 96·5 % of participants, and moderate to severe insomnia reported by 15·6 % of participants. Abnormal anxiety and depression scores were reported by 26·2 and 18·0 % of participants, respectively. MSP was reported by 42·9 % of participants. Participants with moderate to severe insomnia had lower dairy Ca, higher anxiety and depression scores and higher measures of MSP compared to participants with no insomnia (P-values < 0·05). Dairy Ca was weakly inversely correlated with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score, depression score and measures of MSP (P-values < 0·05). Regression analysis indicated that insomnia was predicted by low dairy Ca, anxiety, depression, MSP and smoking (P-values < 0·05). Both anxiety and depression were predicted by increased ISI score (P-values < 0·05), while depression alone was predicted by low dairy Ca (P-value < 0·01). MSP was predicted by increased ISI and anxiety scores (P-values < 0·05). Conclusions: Low dairy Ca was highly prevalent and associated with insomnia and depression among university students. Individuals should be advised to increase dietary Ca intake to achieve the recommended daily amount. Further research is required to investigate a potential causal relationship between low Ca and both insomnia and its related co-morbidities.

Prevalence of insomnia and related psychological factors with coping strategies among medical students in clinical years during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…Furthermore, in the current study the participants who were divorced/widowed they have 3.09 times higher risk or probability of experiencing insomnia. This results support with many publish research ( Necho et al, 2020 , Alkhatatbeh et al, 2020 , Al Karaki et al, 2020 ). Our study also reported that those medical clinical students living in hostels during the COVID pandemic they have more insomnia (1.23 times higher) as compared to others variables.…”

Hot Flashes in Adolescence and Young Adult Females: a Link to Vitamin D and Calcium

“…In the current study, 94.7% had MSP, 84.3% had anxiety, 66.7% had depression, and 66.6% of participants had less than ¼ of recommended amount of daily calcium intake ( 29 ). Previously, High prevalence of low dairy calcium intake and association with insomnia, anxiety, depression and MSP in university students from Jordan was reported ( 17 ). Participants with moderate to severe insomnia had lower dairy calcium, higher anxiety and depression scores and higher measures of MSP compared to participants with no insomnia (P-values < 0.05).…”

“…A dairy serving was defined as: 1 cup of milk or yogurt (300 mg calcium), 2 full table spoons (2 oz.) of labnah (100 mg calcium), and a 1-ounce piece of cheese (162 mg calcium), and cream cheese (20 mg calcium) ( 8 , 17 ).…”

Association between dietary calcium and depression among American adults: National health and nutrition examination survey

“…Based on the literature (35,(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50) and clinical practical implications we used the following covariates, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, education level, PIR, BMI, marital status, diabetes, hypertension, severe CVD, cancer/malignancy, total energy intake, carbohydrate intake, caffeine intake, serum Ca, Ca supplements, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, and physical activity. We divided the participants into five racial and ethnic groups.…”