High Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D in Institutionalized Elderly Individuals is Associated with Summer in a Region with High Ultraviolet Radiation Levels

Sousa, Sara Estéfani Soares de; Sales, Márcia Cristina; Araújo, José Rodolfo Torres de; Sena-Evangelista, Karine Cavalcanti Maurício; Lima, Kênio Costa de; Pedrosa, Lúcia Fátima Campos

doi:10.3390/nu11071516

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Statistical differences* (p) in tertiles of the cumulative incidence in the two periods analyzed, for each of the meteorological variables elderly patients, those with associated comorbidities and, with special virulence, nursing home residents (Ministry of Health; https://www.mscbs.gob.es). In a great number of these individuals, serum 25OHD levels are usually low [23][24][25][26], and therefore might contribute to the exceedingly high COVID-19 severity and lethality they present. Besides, vitamin D deficiency has been found to also contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome [27], the most frequent severe complication related to COVID-19 mortality [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the Spanish regions?: An ecological study

et al. 2020

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Background Environmental factors play a central role in seasonal epidemics. SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain has shown a heterogeneous geographical pattern This study aimed to assess the influence of several climatic factors on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of COVID-19 among the Spanish Autonomous Communities (AA.CC.). Methods Data on coronavirus infectivity and severity of COVID-19 disease, as well as the climatic variables were obtained from official sources (Ministry of Health and Spanish Meteorological Agency, respectively). To assess the possible influence of climate on the development of the disease, data on ultraviolet radiation (UVR) were collected during the months before the start of the pandemic. To analyze its influence on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, data on UVR, temperature, and humidity were obtained from the months of highest contagiousness to the peak of the pandemic. Results From October 2019 to January 2020, mean UVR was significantly related not only to SARS-CoV-2 infection (cumulative incidence -previous 14 days- × 105 habitants, rho = − 0.0,666; p = 0.009), but also with COVID-19 severity, assessed as hospital admissions (rho = − 0.626; p = 0.017) and ICU admissions (rho = − 0.565; p = 0.035). Besides, temperature (February: rho = − 0.832; p < 0.001 and March: rho = − 0.904; p < 0.001), was the main climatic factor responsible for the infectivity of the coronavirus and directly contributed to a different spread of SARS-CoV-2 across the Spanish regions. Conclusions Climatic factors may partially explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the different Spanish regions. The knowledge of these factors could help to develop preventive and public health actions against upcoming outbreaks of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the Spanish regions?: An ecological study

et al. 2020

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“…Another study conducted on 153 elderly individuals living in nursing homes in Brazil by Sousa et al has shown some interesting results [ 21 ]. The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was higher (59.65 ± 41.43 nmol/L) than in our group, but still, most of this study group (71.2%) had vitamin D concentration below the normal range (25(OH)D ≤ 72.38 nmol/L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cited studies [ 11 , 19 , 21 ] have shown that even in the countries with high and very high annual average UV indexes like Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among elderly people is common even during the summer. It could be caused by the fact that elderly people, in particular, try to avoid high temperatures and any sunlight exposure [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seasonal variation of vitamin D among elderly people could not always be observed. Despite the higher concentration of vitamin D during the summer and lower during the winter or the early spring, vitamin D deficiency is still present [ 11 , 19 , 21 , 23 ]. It could be explained by an insufficient skin production of vitamin D among elderly individuals during the summer, even if the sunlight exposure exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of Seasonal Variations in Vitamin D Concentrations among Hospitalized Elderly Patients

Nowak

Hudzik

Jagielski

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background. Generally, most vitamin D in the human body (90–95%) is produced in the skin during exposure to sunlight. The effectiveness of this process depends on several biological and physical factors, e.g., age or latitude. Skin synthesis of vitamin D among elderly people is reduced. The aim of the study was to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] seasonal variations in elderly patients hospitalized at the geriatric department. Methods. The study was carried out on 242 patients aged 60 years or older hospitalized at the geriatric department. The study group was categorized by four seasons as well as month. Results. The median (interquartile range) 25(OH)D concentration among all patients (n = 242) was 33.95 (26.96–45.18) nmol/L. There was no statistical significance in the median serum 25(OH)D concentration with regard to each of the four seasons: in the spring 32.95 (25.96–43.68) nmol/L, in the summer 38.69 (27.46–50.67) nmol/L, in the autumn 33.45 (27.08–44.18) nmol/L, in the winter 34.57 (23.46–43.93) nmol/L, (p = 0.48). Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in all geriatric patients, irrespective of the season. The results of the study indicate no significant differences in median vitamin D concentration among the hospitalized patients across all four seasons. Even in the summer months, in our climate, it is fairly difficult for an elderly person to produce an adequate amount of vitamin D through the skin. Therefore, proper vitamin D supplementation is recommended and should be implemented in the elderly irrespective of the season.

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“…Those without cognitive impairment had a higher mean of vitamin D serum concentrations (26•8 v. 24•6, P = 0•014). In the crude analysis, only individuals in Q2 of vitamin D presented an increased risk for probable cognitive impairment compared with Q4 (highest quartile) (OR 2•65, 95 % CI 1•46, 4•81), remaining significant in the adjusted analysis (OR 6•04, 95 % CI 2•78,13•13). While Q1 (lowest quartile) was not associated in the crude analysis, but when adjusted, an increased risk of cognitive impairment was observed.…”

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confidence: 98%

Association between lower serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults: data from a populational-based cohort study in a middle-income country

Matsuo

Confortin

Ceolin

et al. 2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association between serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) [25(OH)D] concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults living in Southern Brazil. Design: Cross-sectional analysis using data from the second follow-up wave of the populational-based EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study collected in 2013-2014. Setting: Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin D concentrations using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Vitamin D concentrations were distributed in quartiles (Q1: 4.0 to 20.7 ng/ml; Q2: 20.8 to 26.6 ng/ml; Q3: 26.7 to 32.0 ng/ml and Q4: 32.1 to 60.1 ng/ml), and its association with cognitive impairment was tested by crude and adjusted logistic regression (sociodemographic, behavioral, and health aspects) using Q4 as a reference group. Participants: 200 men and 371 women aged 60 years or older. Results: The prevalence of probable cognitive impairment was 21.7%. Those without cognitive impairment had higher mean of vitamin D serum concentrations (26.8 vs 24.6, p = 0.014). In the crude analysis, only individuals in Q2 of vitamin D presented an increased risk for probable cognitive impairment compared with Q4 (highest quartile) (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.46; 4.81), remaining significant in the adjusted analysis (OR 6.04, 95% CI 2.78; 13.13). While Q1 (lowest quartile) was not associated in the crude analysis, but when adjusted, an increased risk of cognitive impairment was observed. Conclusion: The lowest quartile of vitamin D was directly associated with probable cognitive impairment in older adults in Southern Brazil. More studies are needed to investigate whether maintaining adequate serum levels may represent a significant factor in preventing age-related neurological disorders as well as to verify the need for new cutoff points for this age group.

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High Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D in Institutionalized Elderly Individuals is Associated with Summer in a Region with High Ultraviolet Radiation Levels

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the Spanish regions?: An ecological study

Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the Spanish regions?: An ecological study

Lack of Seasonal Variations in Vitamin D Concentrations among Hospitalized Elderly Patients

Association between lower serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults: data from a populational-based cohort study in a middle-income country

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