High prevalence of hypertension and myocardial infarctions in Saudi adult female population with blood type A

Abstract

Background: There is high prevalence of obesity and smoking in Saudi population. Both are major risk factors for developing hypertension (HT) and MI. Associations between hypertension, MI and ABO blood groups have been shown but they are inconsistent. To date no such studies have been done in Saudi Arabia to determine association between ABO blood groups and prevalence of smoking, hypertension and MI in Saudi female patients.Methods: 432 control females were randomly selected and distribution of ABO and Rh antigens was statistically analyzed and compared with 78 smokers, 219 hypertensive and 311 MI female patients admitted to King Khalid hospital between the periods of August 2017 to May 2018.Results: Among controls 3.2% were smokers, 7.6% hypertensive and 13.2% diabetics. Among hypertensive 7.8% were smokers and 46.6% were diabetics. Likewise we also found statistically significant increase in prevalence of smoking (9.9%) and diabetes (48.2%) in MI female patients. Additionally about half of MI patients (49.8%) were hypertensive. 85.9% controls were Rh+ and 14.1% were Rh-. Rh+ subjects were significantly higher in hypertensive and MI patients also. O+ was most prevalent and AB+ was least prevalent in all groups.Conclusions: Statistically there was no difference between distributions of, B-, B+, AB-, AB+ blood groups, however there was high prevalence of A blood group in hypertensive (31.4%) and female MI patients (31.2%) as compared to A blood group among controls (24.8%). Distribution of O blood group wassignificantly lower in hypertensive (42%) and MI patients (41.5%) as compared to controls (53.1%).

Prevalence of Hypertensive Status in the Various Abo Blood Groups in the Presence of Periodontal Disease - A Pilot Project in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

“…With regard to the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure in the various blood groups, it was found that overall subjects with blood group O had higher values followed by B and A blood groups. This is in contrast to the reports suggesting that the relative risk for hypertensive patients was found to be higher in blood group B and lowest in blood group AB with no correlation between the genders [31] and also with another study reporting a high prevalence of myocardial infarction and hypertension in blood group A in a certain female Saudi population [32]. In the Saudi Arabian population, these variations in gender have also been reported in periodontal disease prevalence with males higher than females [33] as well as with blood groups, with blood groups B and O being more common in males than females, and blood group AB being found only in males [34].…”

Haemorrhagic stroke in Saudi adult male population and the ABO blood group distribution: a comparative analysis

“…We and others have previously reported a high prevalence of hypertension in Saudi adult male and female population. [4][5][6] According to the American stroke association (ASA), two types of weakened blood vessels can be the main cause of hemorrhagic stroke; aneurism, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Yet another kind of stroke called the "transient ischemic stroke (TIA) also known as "mini stroke "has also been identified in certain people.…”

“…7 Many studies have previously linked ABO and Rh blood groups with several non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and myocardial infractions. 4,5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Although several studies have linked incidences of stroke with the inheritance of ABO blood groups also however these results have not been consistent. [20][21][22] Therefore in the current study we decided to look at relationship between the occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke and the ABO blood groups in Saudi adult male population.…”