High prevalence of hypertension and its selected risk factors among adult tribal population in Central India

Abstract

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors like salt intake, 24-h urinary sodium excretion and body mass index (BMI) among tribal population of Mandla District, Central India. A total of 3090 individuals, from 1258 house hold drawn from 33 sampled villages and 12 urban wards were studied for blood pressure measurements and clinical examination, while 414 urine samples were collected for estimation of 24-h sodium excretion. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the associations of BMI, urinary sodium output and other risk factors with hypertension. Across the sample, 28.2% of males and 23.6% of females had either stage-I or stage-II hypertension. More than 8% of subjects <30 years were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension shows a strong association with the increase in BMI and tribals with BMI > 25 were considerably more to have high blood pressure. Salt intake is directly related to the hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly greater among those whose salt intake was more than 10 g per day. A positive association between urine sodium excretion and blood pressure was observed. The results of the present study show that the tribal population is also affected by the life style diseases at par with the non-tribal population.

Socioeconomic Gradients and Distribution of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity in India

“…Some recent studies have noted a high prevalence of hypertension in tribal populations in northeast India. 30 , 31 A systematic review of primary hypertension among 53 tribal populations indicated a pooled prevalence of 16.1%, which was very close to our adjusted estimate of 15.7%. 32 The best evidence on the secular increases in risk factor prevalence in India, however, has been limited to urban areas of southern India, which are more likely to be among the higher SES groups.…”

Prevalence of Hypertension in Indian Tribal Adult population: A Scoping Review

“…47 Chakma et.al have observed a higher prevalence of hypertension among those who consume salt >10 g/per day, which indicates a positive association of salt intake with hypertension; as the mean salt intake increases blood pressure levels also increase. 26 Many other studies have also provided similar evidence that greater salt consumption is associated with higher levels of blood pressure. 48,49 According to a study by Hazarika et al 50,51 the added salt in the tea and local alcohol consumption are significant risk factors of HTN among tea garden workers of Assam.…”

Genomic Heterogeneity of the Naga and Kuki Tribal Populations of Manipur, Northeast India

“…About 90% of them live in rural areas and only 10% live in urban areas. In general, Scheduled Tribes (STs) inhabit two distinct geographical areas; Central India and North-Eastern India (Chakma et al 2017). Manipur is a tiny state situated in the easternmost part of North Eastern region of India.…”