High Prevalence of Human Bocavirus Detected in Young Children with Severe Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Disease by Use of a Standard PCR Protocol and a Novel Real-Time PCR Protocol

Abstract

The human bocavirus (HBoV) was recently isolated from respiratory tract samples. Within a study collective of children with severe lower respiratory tract disease, the patients testing positive for HBoV (12.8%) had a higher rate of underlying cardiopulmonary disease. Viral loads in respiratory tract specimens varied from 10 2 to 10 10 genome equivalents/ml.

Human Bocavirus Infections in Hospitalized Children and Adults

“…Rates of detection tend to be higher in children <1 year of age (4,10). The incidence of HBoV infections also tends to be higher in samples from the lower respiratory tract, such as NPA or BAL (4.4%-19%) (2,7,9,11,13,19,21,22), than in nasal swabs (1%-6%) (10,15,16,18). The percentage of co-pathogens in our HBoV-positive children (71%) was comparable with those reported in the literature, with rates of co-infections ranging from 35% to 90% (2,3,7,(9)(10)(11)(20)(21)(22).…”

High frequency of human bocavirus 1 DNA in infants and adults with lower acute respiratory infection

“…1). Previous studies detected HBoV mainly in children less than 5 years old and mostly in infants less than 2 years old (Choi et al, 2006;Kaplan et al, 2006;Kesebir et al, 2006;Kleines et al, 2007;Brieu et al, 2008;Canducci et al, 2008;Cilla et al, 2008). However, a recent report (Guido et al, 2011) and the present work confirm that HBoV1 is also a frequent virus in adults with respiratory disease.…”

“…With a ubiquitous distribution, the presence of HBoV DNA has been reported mostly in children with ARI in a variable range from 1.5 to 19 % (Allander, 2008), although recently even higher prevalence (33 %) has been observed in ill children (Martin et al, 2010). Although the virus is associated with ARI, the elevated rates of coinfection with other respiratory viruses with well-established pathogenic potential (Kaplan et al, 2006;Allander et al, 2007;Fry et al, 2007; Gerna et al, 2007;Kleines et al, 2007; Christensen et al, 2008 Christensen et al, , 2010Cilla et al, 2008;Pilger et al, 2011), the detection in asymptomatic individuals (Christensen et al, 2010) and the possibility of a persistent infection (Martin et al, 2010) make it difficult to allocate a causative role for HBoV in respiratory disease. Not only is the aetiological capacity of HBoV under investigation, but the natural history of the infection is still unknown.…”

Determination of the Frequency of Human Bocavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Among 0-2 Years Age Group Children Diagnosed as Acute Bronchiolitis

“…Bu bulgu, diğer araştırmacıların verileri ile uyumludur 34,36,40 . Yapılan çalışmalarda HBoV enfeksiyonlarında patolojik akciğer grafisi bulgusu oranları %43-83 arasında değişmektedir 36,41 . Allander ve arkadaşları 12 yedi hastanın altısında bilateral interstisyel infiltratlar olduğunu bildirmişler; Schenk ve arkadaşları 42 ise HBoV'nin sadece santral pnömoniye değil, plevral efüzyon olsun ya da olmasın, interstisyel ve lobar pnö-moniye de neden olduğunu göstermişlerdir.…”