High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage among children under five years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tola, Mekdes Alemu; Abera, Negga Asamene; Gebeyehu, Yonas Mekonnen; Fentaw, Surafel; Tullu, Kassu Desta

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258117

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Isolates were identified as follows: Escherichia coli (n = 51; 72Á8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 8; 11Á4%), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 4; 5Á7%), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 4; 5Á7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (n = 1; 1Á4%), Enterobacter cancerogenus (n = 1; 1Á4%) and Raoultella ornithinolytica (n = 1; 1Á4%) (Table 2). Worldwide, the majority of published data showed either the predominance of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae in digestive carriage (Lo et al 2010;Tola et al 2021). However, it is crucial to keep in mind that the methods employed by several investigators to identify cefotaxime-resistant isolates may inadvertently underestimate the true cefotaxime-resistant population in the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic heterogeneity and predominance of blaCTX-M-15 in cefotaxime-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates colonizing hospitalized children in Tunisia

Harbaoui

Ferjani

Abbassi

et al. 2022

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Enterobacteriaceae have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens. Community infections by these organisms have been also reported and were associated with previous intestinal colonization. We aimed to characterize cefotaxime‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CTX‐R‐En) isolated from hospitalized children in a Tunisian paediatric ward. Seventy CTX‐R‐En isolates were collected from 227 rectal swabs from hospitalized children in a paediatric ward. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was determined according to the EUCAST guidelines. Isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR, genes encoding: ESBLs, pAmpC, carbapenemases, plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance, virulence factors in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, occurrence of classes 1 and 2 integrons, phylogenetic groups of E. coli isolates, ERIC‐PCR and PCR‐based replicon typing) and conjugal transfer experiments. In total, 65 out of 227 (28·6%) hospitalized children were colonized with CTX‐M‐R‐En, and 70 isolates were identified. Isolates were 59 ESBL‐, 7 plasmidic‐AmpC (pAmpC)‐, 3 ESBL+pAmpC‐, and one ESBL+carbapenemase producers. The following bla genes were identified: blaCTX‐M‐15 (n = 54), blaCTX‐M‐1 (n = 5), blaCTX‐M‐9 (n = 2), blaCTX‐M‐13 (n = 1) and blaCTX‐M‐14 (n = 1), blaCMY‐2 (n = 5), blaCMY‐4 (n = 4), blaACC‐1 (n = 1) and blaOXA‐48 (n = 1). Our results showed that hospitalized children were colonized with various CTX‐R‐En‐producing several beta‐lactamase enzymes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2010; Tola et al . 2021). However, it is crucial to keep in mind that the methods employed by several investigators to identify cefotaxime‐resistant isolates may inadvertently underestimate the true cefotaxime‐resistant population in the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic heterogeneity and predominance of blaCTX-M-15 in cefotaxime-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates colonizing hospitalized children in Tunisia

Harbaoui

Ferjani

Abbassi

et al. 2022

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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“…Multidrug resistance has been increased all over the world that is considered a public health threat. Several recent investigations reported the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from different origins including humans, birds, cattle, and fish that increase the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the antibiotic of choice as well as the screening of the emerging MDR strains [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from raw cattle meat at butcher houses in Hawassa city, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia

2022

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Background Food-borne diseases related to the consumption of meat and its products had public health importance worldwide. The problem became worst in Ethiopia as the result of the tradition of eating raw cattle meat. Salmonella species and Escherichia coli are important food-borne pathogens associated with meat contamination. Hence the current study aimed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species and Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from raw cattle meat at butcher houses in Hawassa city, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional study was done on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella species and Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E.coli from raw cattle meat at butcher houses in Hawassa city from September to December 2020. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire and raw cattle meat and swab samples were collected from meat cutting equipment. The collected samples transported using icebox to Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences Microbiology Laboratory for identification. Samples were grown on different culture media and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by using Kirby disc diffusion method. Data were entered and analyzed into SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were done and P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result The overall prevalence of salmonella and ESBL producing E.coli among 556 samples collected from 278 butcher houses was 36 (6.47%) (95% CI: 1.68–1.79) of which 13 (2.3%) were ESBL producing E.coli and 23(4.1%) were salmonella species. Poor hand washing practice (AOR = 2.208; 95% CI: 1.249–3.904) and touching birr while selling meat (AOR = 0.75; 95% CI: (0.433–1.299) were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of salmonella species and E.coli on cattle meat. The isolates showed moderate levels of resistance (60–70%) against Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid and high susceptibility (85–100%) against gentamicin, cotrimoxazole, ceftazidime, and tetracycline and the overall multidrug resistance was 33.3%. Conclusion This study revealed moderately high prevalence of salmonella and E.coli due to poor hygiene and sanitation practices in the butcher shops. Furthermore, the existence of ESBL producing E.coli isolates clearly indicate the possible threat to public health. Therefore, inspection by the right agencies must be implemented in order to prevent food-borne outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance.

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“…E. coli and K. pneumoniae are common species of Enterobacteriaceae that both have pathogenic potential and that frequently incorporate ESBL-encoding genes. The high prevalence rate of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae fecal carriage and high level of multidrug resistance among ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were demonstrated [ 40 ]. In this study, 62.1% (95% CI: 50.0%–72.7%) of E. coli was isolated, which was in line with a report in Addis Ababa (70%) [ 13 ] and Mozambique University (62%) [ 27 ], but lower than a study done in Norway(86%) [ 11 ] and Southeast Asia (97%) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Family of Bacteria from Diarrheal Stool Samples in Northwest Ethiopia

Worku

Getie

Moges

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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Background. Resistance among the commensal flora is a serious threat because they are highly populated ecosystems like the gut, maybe a source of extraintestinal infections. Infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase (CPM)-producing Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria impose a major global issue because they are usually resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Data on the fecal ESBL- and CPM-producing group of bacteria in developing countries including Ethiopia are limited mainly due to resource constraints. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-, ESBL-, and CPM-producing Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria from diarrheal stool samples at the University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving a total of 384 study participants having gastrointestinal complaints from January to April 2019. A diarrheal stool sample was aseptically collected and inoculated on a MacConkey agar plate. After getting pure colonies, biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done following standard microbiological techniques. ESBL production was screened using ceftazidime and cefotaxime and confirmed using a combined disk diffusion test. Carbapenemases were screened by meropenem disk and confirmed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method. Data were checked, cleaned, and entered using Epi Info version 7.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Result. A total of 404 Enterobacteriaceae groups of bacteria were isolated from 384 diarrheal stool samples. The overall prevalence of fecal MDR-, ESBL-, and CPM-producing group of Enterobacteriaceae was 196 (48.5%), 66 (16.3%), and 4 (1%), respectively. Of the total ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli (41/66 (62.1%)) and K. pneumoniae (18/66 (27.3%)) were the most predominant isolates. One half of CPE has been observed in Citrobacter species and the rest in E. coli (25%) and P. vulgaris (25%). Conclusion and Recommendation. Finding the high rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and CPE requires strict infection control measures and careful selection of empirical therapy in the study area. Therefore, active surveillance with large sample size and better infection prevention control is needed.

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High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage among children under five years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic heterogeneity and predominance of blaCTX-M-15 in cefotaxime-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates colonizing hospitalized children in Tunisia

Genetic heterogeneity and predominance of blaCTX-M-15 in cefotaxime-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates colonizing hospitalized children in Tunisia

High prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from raw cattle meat at butcher houses in Hawassa city, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Family of Bacteria from Diarrheal Stool Samples in Northwest Ethiopia

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