High prevalence of cytomegalovirus DNA in plasma samples of blood donors in connection with seroconversion

Ziemann, Malte; Krueger, Sabine; Maier, Andrea B.; Unmack, Alexander; Goerg, Siegfried; Hennig, Holger

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01420.x

Cited by 67 publications

(113 citation statements)

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“…The seropositive for CMV IgG antibodies among Yemeni blood donors was 96.6% indicating past exposure to infection the high seroprevalence in Yemen and developing countries as India, Brazil and Nigeria is in contrast to Western literature which describes seroprevalence IgG in voluntary blood donors ranging from 38% to 75% in different parts of the developed world [13][14][15]. The high seroprevalence among Yemeni populations indicates the endemicity of infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…This rate 96.6% is higher than that reported by other studies performed in Japan and India showed 84% and 61% of adults had the antibodies respectively [10,11]. On the other hand, WHO sponsored survey of complement-fixing antibodies against CMV and reported frequencies ranging from 40% in highly industrialized areas to 100% in developing countries of CMV-IgG antibodies [2,12].The seropositive for CMV IgG antibodies among Yemeni blood donors was 96.6% indicating past exposure to infection the high seroprevalence in Yemen and developing countries as India, Brazil and Nigeria is in contrast to Western literature which describes seroprevalence IgG in voluntary blood donors ranging from 38% to 75% in different parts of the developed world [13][14][15]. The high seroprevalence among Yemeni populations indicates the endemicity of infection.…”

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confidence: 46%

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Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Al-Arnoot¹

2017

INID

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IntroductionCytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the human herpes family of viruses. It has emerged as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children and immunocompromised adults. It transmitted by direct or indirect, close or intimate person-to-person contact. Sources of the virus include oropharyngeal secretions, urine, cervical, vaginal excretions, semen, breast milk, tears, faeces and blood [1]. *Corresponding author:Saad Al-Arnoot, Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen, Tel: +967 00967774667900; E-mail: saad.alarnoot@gmail.com According to the result of a WHO cooperative study involving equal numbers of male and female healthy blood donors between 20-40 years of age are shown. The seroprevalence of antibody in that study ranges from 40-100% [2]. However, in Yemen, a few studies have investigated the prevalence of CMV antibody which seroprevalence of CMV antibody ranges between 68%-100% among pregnant women [3][4][5].The American Association of Blood Banks has recommended transfusion from donors who are seronegative for CMV, or the use of deglycerolised Frozen Red Blood Cells (RBCs) for transfusion in a seronegative preterm (<1200 g) child born to a mother with negative or unknown immune status regarding CMV infection [6]. These guidelines have helped to eliminate transfusion-induced CMV infection syndrome in preterm infants in the West. However, since the vast majority of blood donors in developing countries are seropositive for CMV, it would be imprudent to screen blood donors for CMV as very few seronegative blood units would be available for transfusion. Other preventive strategies (such as leukoreduction filtration, saline-washed RBCs, frozen deglycerolised RBCs, etc.,) are increasingly recommended to minimize transfusion transmission of CMV. These methods may be more appropriate and cost effective in developing countries for the prevention of CMV transmission through infected blood to immunosuppressed individuals. More studies are needed to elucidate the transmission of transfusion-associated CMV before proper guidelines on routine CMV screening in blood donors can be formulated [7].Like other developing countries Yemeni blood donors are screened only for HIV, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Syphilis. Also, there is no published data concerning CMV seroprevalence in blood donors in Yemen. Therefore the present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of antibodies to CMV infection among male blood donors at the National Blood Transfusion and Research Center in Sana'a city, Yemen. It's a useful study for understanding situation of CMV infection in Yemen and offering the helpful data for government policymakers. Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional study was collected from 235 male healthy voluntary donors attending National Blood Transfusion and Research Center in Sana'a city, Yemen. About 5 ml blood samples was collected from each consenting subjects by venipuncture, transferred into sterile anticoag...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 46%

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confidence: 46%

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Al-Arnoot¹

2017

INID

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“…Alternatively, these responses might have arisen as a result of localized intestinal CMV infection, which is sometimes not detected by PCR in peripheral blood (63). Another explanation is that the subjects were falsely seronegative, perhaps as a result of immunosuppression associated with the underlying blood disorders, of borderline Ab titers (64), or of recently acquired or occult CMV infection (65)(66)(67). Interestingly, the magnitude of the reconstitution of CMVspecific IFN-g responses in these four CMV-seronegative subjects was roughly inversely proportional to their age at the time of transplant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstitution of Protective Immune Responses against Cytomegalovirus and Varicella Zoster Virus Does Not Require Disease Development in Pediatric Recipients of Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Mérindol

Fourati

Brito

et al. 2012

The Journal of Immunology

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CMV and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality following umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). However, the kinetics of reconstitution and protective potential of antiviral cell-mediated immune responses following UCBT remain poorly characterized. In this study, the reconstitution of CMV- and VZV-specific T cell responses was assessed using IFN-γ ELISPOT in 28 children who underwent UCBT to treat hematological or inherited disorders. Barely detectable in the first 3 mo posttransplantation, CMV- and VZV-specific T cell responses were observed in 30.4% and 40.3% of study subjects after 36 mo of follow-up. Four of five CMV-seropositive subjects developed detectable levels of circulating CMV DNA (DNAemia), and 5 of 17 VZV-seropositive patients experienced herpes zoster during the posttransplant period. Four CMV-seronegative subjects developed IFN-γ responses against CMV, and four subjects developed a VZV-specific IFN-γ response without clinical signs of infection. No CMV- or VZV-related events were observed in study subjects following the development of CMV- or VZV-specific responses > 150 spot-forming units/106 PBMCs, consistent with T cell-mediated protection. Finally, famciclovir prophylaxis did not strictly prevent the reconstitution of the VZV-specific T cell repertoire, because the frequency of T cells producing IFN-γ in response to VZV Ags reached levels consistent with protection in two nonzoster subjects. Monitoring of CMV- and VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity could inform immunocompetence and guide the initiation and cessation of antiherpetic prophylaxis in UCBT recipients.

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“…84 Though false negative reactions are rare, and the sensitivity of ELISA for CMV is high, they do occur. [85][86][87] False negative serological reactions may be due to technical reasons, antigenic heterogeneity in CMV, 88 or because some individuals are poor antibody responders.…”

Section: Prevention Of CMV Transmission Through Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMV and transfusions, an old story that's not quite over yet

Badami¹

2014

IJCTM

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High prevalence of cytomegalovirus DNA in plasma samples of blood donors in connection with seroconversion

Cited by 67 publications

References 56 publications

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Reconstitution of Protective Immune Responses against Cytomegalovirus and Varicella Zoster Virus Does Not Require Disease Development in Pediatric Recipients of Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

CMV and transfusions, an old story that's not quite over yet

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High prevalence of cytomegalovirus DNA in plasma samples of blood donors in connection with seroconversion

Cited by 67 publications

References 56 publications

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

Reconstitution of Protective Immune Responses against Cytomegalovirus and Varicella Zoster Virus Does Not Require Disease Development in Pediatric Recipients of Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

CMV and transfusions, an old story that&#39;s not quite over yet

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CMV and transfusions, an old story that's not quite over yet