High Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Units Using a Second Generation Assay

Mondelli, Mario U.; Cristina, Giovanni; Piazza, V.; Cerino, Antonella; Villa, Giuseppe; Salvadeo, A

doi:10.1159/000186938

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…HCV infection has been reported more commonly in hemodial ysis patients with a history of transfusion than in those without [9,10]. Thus, transfusion is implicated in the observed association of GBV-C and HCV infections in hemodialysis patients.…”

Section: Gb Virus C In Hemodialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GB Virus C and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in Eight Japanese Centers

Watanabe

Ishiguro²,

Kametani³

et al. 1997

Nephron

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RNA of a putative non-A to E hepatitis virus, designated GB virus C (GBV-C), was detected in 40 (6.2%) of 645 hemodialysis patients, at a frequency significantly higher than in 3 (0.9%) of 336 blood donors in Japan (p < 0.001). A history of transfusion was more frequent (88 vs. 58%, p < 0.001), the duration of dialysis was longer (13.2 ± 7.9 vs. 7.9 ± 6.5 years, p < 0.001), and the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA was more often (38 vs. 18% p < 0.01) in the 40 patients with GBV-C RNA than in the 605 patients without it. The prevalence of GBV-C RNA varied widely from 0 to 10% among the 8 dialysis centers. These results indicate that hemodialysis patients would be at increased risk of GBV-C transmitted by transfusions. The detection of GBV-C RNA in the 5 patients without a history of transfusion and a high prevalence restricted to certain dialysis centers would reflect nosocomial infection.

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Section: Gb Virus C In Hemodialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GB Virus C and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in Eight Japanese Centers

Watanabe

Ishiguro²,

Kametani³

et al. 1997

Nephron

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“…The prevalence of anti-HCV among dialysis patients is frequently considerably higher than in the general population in the background area (38,(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71). This observation and the wide variations in the prevalence of anti-HCV among different HD centers suggest that transmission of HCV does occur in dialysis centers and is most likely related to some aspects of the dialytic process.…”

Section: Evidence Supporting the Utility Of Routine Serologic Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine Serologic Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Should Be Instituted Among Dialysis Patients

Natov

Pereira

2000

Seminars in Dialysis

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Since the cloning of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a number of serologic and virologic tests for detecting infections with this virus have been made available for clinical practice. This led to the recognition of HCV as a major health hazard in hemodialysis (HD) centers. Yet the nephrology community has not been offered explicit recommendations about routine serologic testing for HCV of dialysis patients and consequently has remained unclear and divided about the utility of this testing. This review presents evidence in support of instituting routine serologic testing for HCV among dialysis patients. It concludes that because of the peculiar features of HCV infection in HD patients, serologic testing for HCV is the only means for unequivocal diagnosis of hepatitis C and an irreplaceable instrument for monitoring the incidence and the prevalence of the infection in this population. Serologic surveillance for HCV infection is crucial for identifying the association of new cases of HCV infection with potential risk factors for HCV transmission, particularly nosocomial, that can be modified in a way to prevent further dissemination of the virus. Data collected from routine serologic testing for HCV will undoubtedly improve our understanding of the epidemiology of HCV in the dialysis population and will provide a strong foundation for developing preventive measures and infection control strategies that are highly effective in controlling HCV infection. Routine serologic testing for HCV is also of direct benefit to the individual patient since establishing the HCV serologic status of each patient is important for optimizing patient care.

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“…The high prevalence of HCVin HDpatients is believed to be attributed to the transfusion of HCV-contaminated blood products before the availability of reliable HCVscreening. In addition, some investigators have shownthat the length of time on HDis an independent predictor of HCVinfection in chronic HD patients (4,5). This finding suggests nosocomial transmission of HCVwithin HDunits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients.

et al. 1999

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Object Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is commonin hemodialysis (HD) patients. In the present study, the prevalence and properties of HCVin HDpatients were analyzed. Methods and Results Of 125 HDpatients, 34 (27%) were positive for antibody to HCV,and HCV-RNA was detected in 23 (68%) of the 34 patients using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The HCV-RNA sequence analysis did not identify the alterations specific to HDpatients with HCV,although one patient had a variant virus containing the deletion of the core gene sequence. Whenserial changes in the levels of HCV-RNA were evaluated in 15 patients by a branched DNAassay, the values decreased immediately after HDprocedure, but returned to the baseline values 2 days after the procedure. Conclusion These results indicate that HCVin HDpatients is replication-competent, although a transient reduction in the levels of HCV-RNA occurs during HD. (Internal Medicine 38: 626-631, 1999)

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High Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Units Using a Second Generation Assay

Cited by 39 publications

References 3 publications

GB Virus C and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in Eight Japanese Centers

GB Virus C and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in Eight Japanese Centers

Routine Serologic Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Should Be Instituted Among Dialysis Patients

Prevalence and Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients.

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