We report the results of a study on GaAs/partially ordered Ga 0.5 In 0.5 P quantum wells using up-converted photoluminescence (UPL), in which a sample emits photons with an energy (1.89 eV) higher than that of the excitation photon (1.58 eV), together with the normal photoluminescence (PL) excited at a photon energy higher than that of the GaInP band gap and at high pressures up to ~5 GPa. Both the ~1.46 eV emission and the UPL observed in this work provide new evidence of a type II band alignment.
IntroductionIt is important to know the band alignment and offset at the GaAs/Ga 0.5 In 0.5 P interface for applications such as in laser diodes and heterojunction bipolar transistors. However, because of the imperfect ordering in currently available GaInP grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE), details of band alignment between GaAs and GaInP and the effects of ordering on optical properties are still not fully understood. In the GaAs/GaInP quantum well (QW) structures, undesirable emission bands at 1.35-1.46 eV often dominate instead of the emission from the GaAs QW [1−5], but the introduction of thin GaP layers between the GaAs and GaInP restores this emission. Based on these observations the type II band alignment has been proposed [3]. Driessen [6] and Su et al. [7] reported independently that GaAs/partially ordered GaInP samples exhibited up-converted photo-luminescence (UPL), in which a sample emits photons with an energy higher than that of the excitation photon. Driessen assumed that the band offset in the QW samples was of type I and suggested that Auger processes occurring near the interface were responsible for the UPL. Based on the observed up-conversion efficiency, Su et al. suggested a type II band alignment with a small conduction band offset in single heterostructure samples and proposed a two-step two-photon absorption (TPA) mechanism.In this paper we report UPL spectra at 9 K of GaAs/GaInP single QW structures, as well as normal PL spectra at 77 K and at pressures up to about 5 GPa. The samples studied here contain all the possible combinations of the intermediate GaP layer to identify the role of GaP for optical properties. We investigate the characteristics of the UPL and observe distinct effects of the excitation photon energy on the various PL properties. We find that all samples with a thin GaP layer show UPL at ~1.89 eV. No UPL can be observed in the sample with two thin GaP layers. Both the ~1.46 eV emission and the UPL observed in this work provide new evidence of a type II band alignment.