High precision 14C AMS at CIRCE

Terrasi, F.; Cesare, N. De; D’Onofrio, Antonio; Lubritto, Carmine; Passariello, Isabella; Rogalla, Detlef; Sabbarese, C.; Borriello, G; Casa, Giovanni Della; Palmieri, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.02.079

Cited by 78 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Here is reported the final age assessment for the bones that could be morphologically analyzed: The prosecutor also required a physical-chemical expertise for the determination of the time of death for each individual. Specific analyses on the bone samples were performed in order to measure the isotopic ratio of 14 C in lipids and collagen by AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) (7,8). Regarding these analyses, we refer to the article by Marzaioli et al (9) whose results confirmed the belonging of the bone remains to individuals of different age at death and time of death, thus agreeing with the results of the genetic and anthropological expertises.…”

Section: D13s317supporting

confidence: 61%

The bone collector: when reality overcomes fantasy

Cipolloni¹

2016

P & R

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Introduction: the Authors present a case occurred in the suburbs of Rome, concerning the discovery of a skeleton by the fire fighters after a fire broke out in a grassy field. Beside it, a bag containing a bunch of keys and an identity card was found, fortunately not destroyed by the fire. These items belonged to an elderly man who disappeared in that same area four years before. Materials and Methods: genetic tests were performed on a left femoral bone sample in order to confirm the presumed identity of the skeleton and instead provided a genetic profile that was not compatible with the sons of the missing man. Thus other samples from different bones were examined, resulting in different genetic profiles and none of them compatible with the sons of the missing man. Results: the Prosecutor asked for an anthropological expertise, which confirmed morphologically that the skeleton was composed by bones belonged to different individuals and could provide an approximate age of these individuals at the time of death. The Prosecutor also asked for the time of death of these individuals and, to this purpose, specific investigations on the bone remains were carried out based on the measure of the isotopic ratio of 14 C in lipids and collagen by AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry). Discussion: this case represents an interesting example of the application of a multidisciplinary approach in challenging cases of identification of human remains and demonstrates that a case that may apparently seem "simple" may instead reveal great methodological and interpretative challenges.

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Section: D13s317supporting

confidence: 61%

The bone collector: when reality overcomes fantasy

Cipolloni¹

2016

P & R

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“…Ten selected charcoal fragments of Castanea sativa, both from structures and fireplaces of site A, were radiocarbon dated by AMS at the Center for Isotopic Research on Cultural and Environmental Heritage (INNOVA-CIRCE) and at the Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo in the Japan Laboratory of Human Evolution System/Human Evolution and Bone Chemistry (Yoneda et al 2004;Marzaioli et al 2008;Terrasi et al 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reworking the idea of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) cultivation in Roman times: New data from ancient Campania

Pasquale

Allevato

Ermolli

et al. 2010

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Charcoal analysis was carried out in two archaeological sites on the north slope of the Somma-Vesuvius volcano, not far from Naples. Both sites were inhabited between the 2nd century AD and AD 472, when a great Vesuvius eruption (so called Pollena eruption) buried them. In both sites, Castanea sativa wood was largely used for architectural structures as well as firewood. Ten 14 C dates, spanning between the 1st and the 5th century AD, testify to a continuative use of this wood throughout the life of the sites. The comparison between archaeobotanical and pollen data from other sites in southern Italy suggests that chestnut woods were close to the sites studied and had a restricted spreading, possibly in a refugium area on Vesuvius' foothills. The match between archaeological charcoals and pollen data suggests that the Romans did not spread chestnut cultivation in the entire Campania region and that chestnut probably became a common timber in Campania starting from the 5th-6th century AD.

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“…Finally the gel was freeze-dried and used for the successive combustion and graphitization processes [24,25]. The obtained graphite was measured for the 14 C/ 12 C isotopic ratio using a NEC 3 MV accelerator mass spectrometer [26]. The measurements were expressed as 14 C-ages calculated according to Stuiver and Polach [27] and calibrated by using the OxCal v4.2.3 program [28] and the IntCal13 calibration curve [29].…”

Section: Radiocarbon Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convento di San Francesco a Folloni: the function of a Medieval Franciscan Friary seen through the burials

et al. 2015

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Background:The Franciscan Friary in Montella near Avellino in Southern Italy is of special interest because according to historical sources it was founded by St. Francis himself in AD 1221-1222. Human remains of several hundred individuals interred in the cloister walk have been unearthed during two excavation campaigns conducted in 2007-2008 and 2010. The environs of the friary have remained rural since the foundation preventing much modern contamination. The state of preservation of the skeletons is fair to good making a suite of analyses worthwhile. Results:The skeletons have been examined anthropologically and tissue samples have been subjected to radiocarbon dating, stable isotope measurements and trace element analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Conclusions:The radiocarbon dates are consistent with the historical sources and show that the cemetery in the cloister walk has been in uninterrupted use from the foundation of the friary in AD 1221-1222 and until the cemetery went out of use in AD 1524. The anthropological investigations show that the individuals interred at the friary would have been shorter than other Italians from the same time, and it seems that tuberculosis was more prevalent than leprosy. Isotopic measurements show a mixed agricultural and pastoral diet and none of the individuals were consuming marine protein. Based on the trace element analysis it seems that the people resided mainly at two distinct geographical areas, one of which was Montella. One individual stands out from the rest, because he was born and raised at some third geographical location distinct from Montella and because he sports the second oldest radiocarbon date of AD 1050-1249 (two sigma calibrated range). This date is consistent with the first generation of the founders of the friary-perhaps one of St. Francis' fellow travellers from Assisi.

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High precision 14C AMS at CIRCE

Cited by 78 publications

References 11 publications

The bone collector: when reality overcomes fantasy

The bone collector: when reality overcomes fantasy

Reworking the idea of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) cultivation in Roman times: New data from ancient Campania

Convento di San Francesco a Folloni: the function of a Medieval Franciscan Friary seen through the burials

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