High Power Particle Beams and Pulsed Power for Industrial Applications

Bluhm, H.; An, Wladimir; Engelko, V.; Giese, H.; Frey, Wolfgang; Heinzel, A.; Hoppe, P.; Mueller, Georg; Schultheiss, Christoph; Singer, Josef; Sträßner, R.; Strauß, D.; Weisenburger, A.; Zimmermann, Fritz

doi:10.1063/1.1530791

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Large treatment volumes call for large electrode gaps, demanding for high pulse voltage amplitudes and large electrode areas, causing high current flow. In case of limited pulse voltage and current amplitude, mass flow rate can be enlarged by increasing pulse repetition frequency [ 36 ].…”

Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For industrial applications, high reliability for continuous long-term operation and a competitive price for a return-of-invest within a short period of time is of importance. For providing high-voltage pulses, voltage adding e.g., according to the Marx principle is commonly applied [ 36 ]. Marx-type pulse generator enables voltage multiplication, while each stage component of the generator needs to be designed for the stage voltage only.…”

Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marx-type pulse generator enables voltage multiplication, while each stage component of the generator needs to be designed for the stage voltage only. Depending on the required pulse shape, a single stage can consist of a sole capacitor, a pulse forming network (LC-chain), or a transmission line [ 36 ]. A conventional Marx circuit, using single capacitors for energy storage, is designed to deliver an exponential-shaped, aperiodically or strongly damped periodically voltage waveform.…”

Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Energy-efficient biomass processing with pulsed electric fields for bioeconomy and sustainable development

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Sack

Teissié

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Biotechnol Biofuels

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Fossil resources-free sustainable development can be achieved through a transition to bioeconomy, an economy based on sustainable biomass-derived food, feed, chemicals, materials, and fuels. However, the transition to bioeconomy requires development of new energy-efficient technologies and processes to manipulate biomass feed stocks and their conversion into useful products, a collective term for which is biorefinery. One of the technological platforms that will enable various pathways of biomass conversion is based on pulsed electric fields applications (PEF). Energy efficiency of PEF treatment is achieved by specific increase of cell membrane permeability, a phenomenon known as membrane electroporation. Here, we review the opportunities that PEF and electroporation provide for the development of sustainable biorefineries. We describe the use of PEF treatment in biomass engineering, drying, deconstruction, extraction of phytochemicals, improvement of fermentations, and biogas production. These applications show the potential of PEF and consequent membrane electroporation to enable the bioeconomy and sustainable development.

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Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instruments For Large-scale Biomass Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Energy-efficient biomass processing with pulsed electric fields for bioeconomy and sustainable development

Golberg

Sack

Teissié

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

192

100

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“…Polymeric dielectric films are finding increased usage in power electronics due to their ease of processability, low weight, and self-healing ability. , The state-of-the-art in polymeric capacitor films is biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), which has an exceptionally high electrical breakdown strength ( E BD > 700 MV/m) and low dielectric loss (ε″ > 0.1%), but a small static dielectric permittivity (ε′ = 2.2). Since the energy density of the material is ∝ ε′ E BD 2 , an attractive scheme for improving material properties is by increasing the static dielectric permittivity while preserving the low loss.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Time–Temperature Superposition for Determining Dielectric Loss in Functionalized Polyethylenes

Misra

Kumar

2017

ACS Macro Lett.

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Using Molecular Dynamics simulations, we probe the effect of various pendant polar groups on the dielectric loss of polyethylene copolymers. The dielectric loss was computed using the autocorrelation function of the total dipole moment of a completely relaxed PE–X sample. Since this calculation is computationally expensive (wall time ≥ 4200 h), we explore the use of the time–temperature superposition (tTS) principle to make it more tractable. An important point is that short time MD simulations do not allow the dipole autocorrelation function to decay completely to zero. However, we find that the tTS method performed well in determining dielectric losses in the system as long as these unrelaxed components are not included in the calculation. This methodology, which provides us with a significantly faster and reliable pathway for calculation of dielectric loss, allows us to identify the role of polar side groups on the behavior of nonpolar polymeric dielectrics.

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“…Stimulated by the significant progress of modern pulsed power technology pioneered by J.C. Martin and coworkers in 1960s 1 , intense relativistic charged particle beams in nanosecond-scale became available in experiments, which have provided opportunities for many multidisciplinary researches such as, nuclear physics, X-ray flash radiography, Z-pinch, relativistic vacuum electronics, as well as the newly emerged field of bioelectrics 2 . Particularly, as the research focus of relativistic vacuum electronic devices 3 , high power microwave (HPM) generator has gained tremendous progress over the past decades and is still experiencing unprecedented development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards coherent combining of X-band high power microwaves: phase-locked long pulse radiations by a relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The radio-frequency breakdown due to ultrahigh electric field strength essentially limits power handling capability of an individual high power microwave (HPM) generator, and this issue becomes more challenging for high frequency bands. Coherent power combining therefore provides an alternative approach to achieve an equivalent peak power of the order of ∼100 GW, which consequently provides opportunities to explore microwave related physics at extremes. The triaxial klystron amplifier (TKA) is a promising candidate for coherent power combing in high frequency bands owing to its intrinsic merit of high power capacity, nevertheless phase-locked long pulse radiation from TKA has not yet been obtained experimentally as the coaxial structure of TKA can easily lead to self-excitation of parasitic modes. In this paper, we present investigations into an X-band TKA capable of producing 1.1 GW HPMs with pulse duration of about 103 ns at the frequency of 9.375 GHz in experiment. Furthermore, the shot-to-shot fluctuation standard deviation of the phase shifts between the input and output microwaves is demonstrated to be less than 10°. The reported achievements open up prospects for accomplishing coherent power combining of X-band HPMs in the near future, and might also excite new development interests concerning high frequency TKAs.

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High Power Particle Beams and Pulsed Power for Industrial Applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Energy-efficient biomass processing with pulsed electric fields for bioeconomy and sustainable development

Energy-efficient biomass processing with pulsed electric fields for bioeconomy and sustainable development

Using Time–Temperature Superposition for Determining Dielectric Loss in Functionalized Polyethylenes

Towards coherent combining of X-band high power microwaves: phase-locked long pulse radiations by a relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier

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