High power mid-infrared optically pumped PbSe∕PbSrSe multiple-quantum-well vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser operation at 325K

Molecular beam epitaxy of vertical-emitting microcavity lasers for the 6–8micron spectral range operating in continuous-wave mode

“…As the reflectivity of the Bragg mirror at the pump energy is 63%, the internal thresholds are only 25 and 52 W=cm 2 for samples S1 and S2, respectively. These remarkably small values are two orders of magnitude smaller than the ones reported for pulsed IV-VI midinfrared VCSELs in previous works [9,15] and also smaller than the threshold of 940 W=cm 2 of cw type-II antimonide VCSELs at 2:9 mm [10]. The laser threshold for sample S1 is significantly smaller than for sample S2.…”

“…The observed line width of the VCSEL emission is about 1 nm for both samples, as found from Gaussian line fits to the spectra shown as solid lines. This ultra-narrow line width is important for spectroscopic application and is by more than one order of magnitude smaller than data of pulsed IV-VI VCSELs reported so far with typical values of 23 nm for PbTe VCSELs [9] and 37 nm for PbSe VCSELs [15]. As expected for cw laser emission, the line width of the emitted radiation is by far smaller than the line width of the corresponding resonance of the unpumped cavity.…”

Continuous wave optically pumped lead-salt mid-infrared quantum-well vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

“…13 We also obtained above-RT pulsed emission. 14,15 For many applications, a cw mid-IR laser operating at thermoelectric cooled temperature is required. In this letter, we report an optically pumped mid-IR IV-VI VCSEL operating in cw mode.…”

Epitaxial Lead Chalcogenides on Si for Mid-IR Detectors and Emitters Including Cavities

“…Monolithic IV-VI vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSELs) that are optically pumped and emit in the 4 lm to 7 lm range, and, in pulsed mode, up to above room temperature (RT) have been described. [17][18][19][20] IV-VI materials are well suited to realize VCSELs as well as VECSEL structures due to the ease of fabricating Bragg mirrors.…”