High Piezoelectric Performance and Cost-Effective Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Piezoelectric Ceramics

Perovskite Relaxor‐Dependent Contributions to Piezoelectric Power Generation of Multiple PZT Tape‐Based Cantilever Structures at Nonresonant Frequency

“…Quite dense microstructures with distinct grain boundaries were observed, irrespective of the type and content of the relaxors.Changes in the grain size were monitored for the material systems, as shown in FigureS2(Supporting Information), revealing a decreasing tendency in the grain size with the increasing content of each relaxor. As a common contributor, the substituted Nb +5 in the B site of the ABO 3 perovskite likely acted as a growth inhibitor with the accompanying effect of grain size uniformity, as reported previously [36,47]. Interestingly, PNN presented larger grains than the other two relaxors in all compositional ranges, suggesting that Ni promoted earlier grain growth but the growth effect then weakened as a result of the opposite effect of Nb with the higher content of PNN.…”

“…As a common contributor, the substituted Nb +5 in the B site of the ABO 3 perovskite likely acted as a growth inhibitor with the accompanying effect of grain size uniformity, as reported previously. [ 36,47 ] Interestingly, PNN presented larger grains than the other two relaxors in all compositional ranges, suggesting that Ni promoted earlier grain growth but the growth effect then weakened as a result of the opposite effect of Nb with the higher content of PNN. For example, the average grain sizes were ≈2.25 µm in 0.2PCN–0.8PZT, ≈4.30 µm in 0.2PNN–0.8PZT, and ≈1.84 µm in 0.4PZN–0.6PZT.…”

“…The observation of piezoelectric boosting near the MPB is undoubtedly consistent with other reported relaxor‐intervened ferroelectric systems, in which the MPB region displayed superior piezoelectricity properties owing to the presence of a greater number of possible spontaneous polarization directions. [ 21,22,47 ] Interestingly, the piezoelectric parameters depended on the type of relaxor; for example, the highest d 31 value was observed for 0.4PZN–0.6PZT and the highest g 31 for 0.2PCN–0.8PZT. This discrepancy is essentially caused by the lower permittivity of ≈601 at 1 kHz for 0.2PCN–0.8PZT than ≈1981 for 0.4PZN–0.6PZT.…”

Enhanced high‐power performance of Fe‐doped PZMNZT piezoelectric ceramics

“…The PZMNZT−0.15Fe ceramics with large E int was beneficial for improving the stability of high-power piezoelectric ceramic under high electric fields. 32 Figure 4A shows the ε r of PZMNZT-xFe ceramics with x = 0.05−0.35 under an alternating current (AC) electric field of 50−500 V/mm at 1 kHz. The ε r of all ceramics increased with the increase of AC electric fields due to the contribution of domain wall motion, which increased from 1304 at 50 V/mm to 1557 at 500 V/mm for the x = 0.05 sample.…”

“…The E int values for the x = 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, and x = 0.35 samples were 1.93, 2.58, 1.80, and 1.76 kV/cm, respectively. The PZMNZT−0.15Fe ceramics with large E int was beneficial for improving the stability of high‐power piezoelectric ceramic under high electric fields 32 …”