High permittivity and low dielectric loss of the (Ca0.9Sr0.1)1-xLa2x/3Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics

Phase Evolution, Dielectric, and Electric Behavior of Sm‐Doped BCTO Ceramic Fabricated by Semi‐Wet Method

“…As a result, the dielectric constant of the sample will be reduced. [ 39–41 ] It is determined using the subsequent expression: $$$$\begin{equation}\varepsilon ^{\prime} = \ \frac{{{\varepsilon }_{gb}}}{{{t}_{gb}}}G\end{equation}$$$$where G, ε gb, and t gb are the average grain size, grain boundary thickness, and effective dielectric constant respectively. Equation (3) reveals that the ε′ for CCTO ceramics decreases as the grain size decreases.…”

“…As a result, the dielectric constant of the sample will be reduced. [39][40][41] It is determined using the subsequent expression:…”

The effects of Sr-substitution in Ba2SmTi2Nb3O15 ceramics: structural study, optical properties, and complex impedance spectroscopy

“…This could be attributed to phenomena such as partial reorientation of dipoles that cannot rapidly follow the electric eld due to the higher frequency. 48 The Curie temperature T C decreases with the increase of x, reaching a minimum value of 213 °C for the BS 0.5 STN composition. This change in Tc may be attributed to the inuence of a slight displacement of Ti/Nb(1) cations along the c-axis, specically indicated by the (O(1)-Ti/Nb(1)-O(1) 0 ) in the Ti/ NbO 6 octahedra.…”

“…The size of cations and their substitution ratio at different sites within the TTB structure significantly impact the dielectric properties and overall structure of these materials. 18–21 Solid solutions, derived from a ferroelectric compound, involve cation substitutions either on the site (A1), as demonstrated in Ba 2 NdTi 2 Nb 3 O 15 , 22,23 Ba 2 SmTi 2 Nb 3 O 15 , 24 and Sr 4 R 2 Ti 4 Nb 6 O 30 (R = Sm and Eu), 25 or on the (A2) site, as observed in Sr 2 NdTi 2 Nb 3 O 15 , 16 which shows ferroelectric behavior, and Ba 2 NdTi 2 Nb 3 O 30 which exhibits relaxor behaviors. 26…”

“…7,8 The octahedral sites (B1) and (B2) are typically occupied by highly charged cations like Ti 4+ , Ta 5+ , and Nb 5+ . [9][10][11] The ferroelectric ordering in these materials is inuenced by two primary factors: (i) the tilting of BO 6 octahedra and (ii) the change in ionic radii of the (A) or (B) site ions. 12,13 As a result, numerous studies have been carried to modify the properties of materials with a TTB structure, based on these two factors.…”