High performance temperature difference triboelectric nanogenerator

Abstract

Usually, high temperature decreases the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerator because of the dissipation of triboelectric charges through the thermionic emission. Here, a temperature difference triboelectric nanogenerator is designed and fabricated to enhance the electrical output performance in high temperature environment. As the hotter friction layer’s temperature of nanogenerator is 0 K to 145 K higher than the cooler part’s temperature, the output voltage, current, surface charge density and output power are increased 2.7, 2.2, 3.0 and 2.9 times, respectively (from 315 V, 9.1 μA, 19.6 μC m−2, 69 μW to 858 V, 20 μA, 58.8 μC m−2, 206.7 μW). With the further increase of temperature difference from 145 K to 219 K, the surface charge density and output performance gradually decrease. At the optimal temperature difference (145 K), the largest output current density is 443 μA cm−2, which is 26.6% larger than the reported record value (350 μA cm−2).

A High‐Performance Bidirectional Direct Current TENG by Triboelectrification of Two Dielectrics and Local Corona Discharge

“…[ 1 ] The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on the coupling of CE and electrostatic induction has attracted much attention since its invention in 2012, [ 2 ] owing to its unique merits, such as lightweight, diversified structures, and environmental friendliness. [ 3–7 ] According to the output mode, TENGs can be classified into four categories: i) Mechanical rectification DC TENG (coupling CE and electrostatic induction) [ 8,9 ] ; ii) constant DC TENG (Coupling CE and air breakdown) [ 10,11 ] ; iii) ordinary AC TENG (coupling CE and electrostatic induction) [ 12,13 ] ; iv) inverting AC TENG (Coupling CE with air breakdown). [ 14 ] Besides, TENGs can convert ambient mechanical energy from rain, [ 15,16 ] wind, [ 17,18 ] water flow, [ 19,20 ] and body motion [ 21,22 ] , etc.…”

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According to the output mode, TENGs can be classified into four categories: i) Mechanical rectification DC TENG (coupling CE and electrostatic induction) [8,9] ; ii) constant DC TENG (Coupling CE and air breakdown) [10,11] ; iii) ordinary AC TENG (coupling CE and electrostatic induction) [12,13] ; iv) inverting AC TENG (Coupling CE with air breakdown). [14] Besides, TENGs can convert ambient mechanical energy from rain, [15,16] wind, [17,18] water flow, [19,20] and body motion [21,22] , etc.

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“…[34][35][36][37] The application capability of TENGs is determined by the electric energy output density per cycle, which largely depends on the surface charge density originating from the contact electrification effect. For this reason, many strategies are carried out to boost TENG output charge density, such as vacuum environment, [38] temperature [37] difference, [13] surface modification, [39] and hydrophobic treatment, [40] , etc. Recently, charge excitation methods have achieved a 3.53 mC m −2 output charge density by self-polarization of polar high-k material in charge excitation process.…”

Ionic Thermoelectric Effect Inducing Cation‐Enriched Surface of Hydrogel to Enhance Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator

“…Therefore, it has great application potential in energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. [14,21,22] Friction driven by external force results in two surfaces carrying opposite static charges. Upon separation, the potential difference between the two surfaces will drive the flow of electrons in the external circuit, resulting in current output.…”

The effect of metal surface nanomorphology on the output performance of a TENG

“…They generate current by collecting tiny amounts of energy and supply power for microelectronic devices and sensors. Wind energy [18][19][20][21], water wave energy [22,23], acoustic energy [24,25], and energy generated by human activities [26,27] can be collected and effectively converted into electrical energy for medical, meteorological, and other applications. A new type of TENG with environmental protection, high reliability and low cost is being actively developed [28][29][30][31][32].…”