High-Performance Power Allocation Strategies for Secure Spatial Modulation

Abstract

Optimal power allocation (PA) strategies can make a significant rate improvement in secure spatial modulation (SM). Due to the lack of secrecy rate (SR) closed-form expression in secure SM networks, it is hard to optimize the PA factor. In this paper, two PA strategies are proposed: gradient descent, and maximum product of signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio (SINR) and artificial-noise-to-signal-plus-noise ratio (ANSNR)(Max-P-SINR-ANSNR). The former is an iterative method and the latter is a closed-form solution. Compared to the former, the latter is of low-complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed two PA methods can approximately achieve the same SR performance as exhaustive search method and perform far better than three fixed PA ones. With extremely low complexity, the SR performance of the proposed Max-P-SINR-ANSNR performs slightly better and worse than that of the proposed GD in the low to medium, and high signal-to-noise ratio regions, respectively.

User Grouping and Power Allocation for Downlink NOMA-Based Quadrature Spatial Modulation

“…For simplicity, during simulations, the eight schemes that will be investigated and compared are shown in Table 2. The proposed power allocation in [31] is named as 'max sum-rate approach'. The fixed approach A denotes that power ratio is β 1 : β 2 = 1 : 9, the fixed approach B is that power ratio is…”

“…Compared with scheme 2, the proposed scheme 1 has better performance in the ASRs. It means that the proposed power allocation is more effective than the max sum-rate power allocation in [31] for QSM-NOMA systems by considering users' target-rate requirements. Additionally, the proposed user grouping is a better scheme than the BNWF grouping in [9] and the random grouping by comparing with scheme 3 and scheme 8, respectively.…”

Physical Layer Security Techniques for Future Wireless Networks

“…As the total power is constrained, elaborately splitting the power allocated to the CM and allocated to the AN has a great impact on improving the SR performance. In [49] and [50], the approximation of SR based on cut-off rate was invoked to substitute the non-closed SR expression for secure SM systems. Using the approximation as the objection function, the authors in [49] proposed a gradient-based PA method which approached the optimal PA method based on ES.…”

Encrypted subblock design aided OFDM with all index modulation

“…Recently, PLS researches based on SM [28–30] and OFDM‐IM [31] have been proposed. In [28], secure IM based PLS is proposed where the channel state information (CSI) is used to randomise a mapping rule for only IM symbols.…”