High-performance porous lead/graphite composite electrode for bipolar lead-acid batteries

Abstract

Summary In general, thicker active material bipolar electrode's specific capacity and cycle life are very poor owing to its low bonding strength between the active material and the substrate and the diffusion rate of the sulfuric acid electrolyte inside the active material. In this paper, we synthesize a novel attached and porous lead/graphite composite electrode for bipolar lead‐acid battery and can effectively solve these problems. The graphite/polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is employed to improve the bonding strength and conductivity and the porous can provide electrolyte diffusion channels. The specific capacities of 2‐mm thick positive active material at 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 C can attain 75.99, 58.98, 47.97, and 33.36 mAh·g−1. The discharge voltage platform is also relatively high and no rapid decline with increasing discharge rate. Furthermore, after 80 cycles, the specific capacity does not drop evidently. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Experimental investigation of the effect of C‐rate, electrode gaps, and electrode surface roughness on the performance characterization of lead‐acid batteries

“…As mentioned earlier, when the C-rate of FLAB increases, FLAB capacity decreases drastically the TR rate increases due to the thermo-electrochemical process so that the FLAB can suffer from thermal runaway (TRA) and it may damage the FLAB. [5][6][7] According to previous investigations, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] it seems that by balancing the FLAB design parameters (such as C-rate, electrode gaps [electrolyte reservoir volume], and electrode surface roughness) can affect on the capacity and TR rate of FLAB and improve their performance characterization. Therefore, in this experimental study, parameters of average roughness wavelength of the electrode surfaces (λa) (roughness quality of electrode surfaces), the gap between the electrodes and C-rate according to Table 1 are considered as variables, and their effect on the capacity and TR rate of FLAB cells are considered as the response.…”

“…Therefore, one of the indicators of performance improvement in FLAB is the increased capacity in the fast charging and discharging processes with the lowest TR. To this goal, many researchers have investigated various influential parameters such as the composition of alloy composites, the structure and geometry of FLAB, the electrode grid, ambient temperature, and pressure conditions and the additives to the aqueous electrolyte solution, electrolyte flow velocity, and so forth 5‐28 . Among these are Pavlov's extensive efforts to study the various combinations of active materials of negative electrodes in the past two decades, some of which are presented in the literature 5 .…”

Study on synthesis of spinel LiNi 0 . 5 Mn 1 . 5 O 4 cathode material and its electrochemical properties by two‐stage roasting

“…With the globalization of economic development and the improvement of energy supply, finding new energy storage devices has become focused attention of the new energy technology industry. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is the best comprehensive rechargeable battery system software at this stage. 3,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] At present, LIB is mainly used in mobile electronic equipment, and its application has begun to develop to the small size and lightweight of microelectrical appliances, as well as large electric equipment.…”

“…With the globalization of economic development and the improvement of energy supply, finding new energy storage devices has become focused attention of the new energy technology industry 1‐10 . Lithium‐ion battery (LIB) is the best comprehensive rechargeable battery system software at this stage 3,11‐23 .…”

Synergistic effect of sulfur on electrochemical performances of carbon‐coated vanadium pentoxide cathode materials with polyvinyl alcohol as carbon source for lithium‐ion batteries

“…At present, the new energy system such as lead‐acid batteries, lithium‐ion batteries, metal‐air batteries, supercapacitors, and so on has become the focus of research. Among them, lithium‐ion batteries have become the main energy supply system for electric vehicles owing to their high specific capacity and long cycle life.…”