High performance polypyrrole/SWCNTs composite film as a promising organic thermoelectric material

Liu, Zhaohua; Sun, Jun; Song, Haijun; Pan, Yi-Cheng; Song, Yufei; Zhu, Ye; Yao, Yuanyuan; Huang, Fengli; Zuo, Chao

doi:10.1039/d1ra02733f

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This interaction will enhance the electrical conductivity by acquiring more carriers, as PPy is rich with charge carriers (see Figure 3 d), but at certain layer thickness of highly pure PPy (with no defects/agglomerations or residuals). It is worth mentioning that the recorded PF value of the optimum nanocomposite sample in this study, PW2, is greater than the PF values of MWCNT/PPy and SWCNTs/PPy composites reported in the literature [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

High Thermoelectric Power Generation by SWCNT/PPy Core Shell Nanocomposites

et al. 2022

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Polypyrrole (PPy) is a conducting polymer with attractive thermoelectric (TE) properties. It is simple to fabricate and modify its morphology for enhanced electrical conductivity. However, such improvement is still limited to considerably enhancing TE performance. In this case, a single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), which has ultrathin diameters and exhibits semi-metallic electrical conductivity, might be a proper candidate to be combined with PPy as a core shell one-dimensional (1D) nanocomposite for higher TE power generation. In this work, core shell nanocomposites based on SWCNT/PPy were fabricated. Various amounts of pyrrole (Py), which are monomer sources for PPy, were coated on SWCNT, along with methyl orange (MO) as a surfactant and ferric chloride as an initiator. The optimum value of Py for maximum TE performance was determined. The results showed that the SWCNT acted as a core template to direct the self-assembly of PPy and also to further enhance TE performance. The TE power factor, PF, and figure of merit, zT, values of the pure PPy were initially recorded as ~1 µW/mK2 and 0.0011, respectively. These values were greatly increased to 360 µW/mK2 and 0.09 for the optimized core shell nanocomposite sample. The TE power generation characteristics of the fabricated single-leg module of the optimized sample were also investigated and confirmed these findings. This enhancement was attributed to the uniform coating and good interaction between PPy polymer chains and walls of the SWCNT through π–π stacking. The significant enhancement in the TE performance of SWCNT/PPy nanocomposite is found to be superior compared to those reported in similar composites, which indicates that this nanocomposite is a suitable and scalable TE material for TE power generation.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

High Thermoelectric Power Generation by SWCNT/PPy Core Shell Nanocomposites

et al. 2022

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“…As shown in Figure d,e, the TE performance is in the upper middle level among all kinds of polymer semiconductors and carbon material composites reported in the literature as Figure e,f lists. ,,,− It is worth mentioning that the σ value of the D4 film (4717.8 ± 41.51 S cm –1 ) is the highest among the composites based on commercial carbon fillers and organic semiconductors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Highly Electrical Conductive PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT Flexible Thermoelectric Films Fabricated by a High-Velocity Non-solvent Turbulent Secondary Doping Approach

Zhang

Cao

Wen³

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Materials based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) can be potentially employed as flexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) to capture waste heat and generate electrical energy. Among various methods, secondary doping is an effective way to modulate its thermoelectric (TE) performance. Different from conventional measures such as dropping, soaking, and steam fumigation, strong shear is integrated with the doping process and termed highvelocity non-solvent turbulent secondary doping (HNTD). We systematically investigate the transformation of PEDOT:PSS during this procedure and the formation mechanism of its highly conductive pathway. It is illustrated that PEDOT:PSS experiences PSS swelling, the phase separation of PEDOT from PSS, the removal of isolated PSS, and the evolution of PEDOT to a linear conformation. These evolutions contribute to the substantial elevation of electrical conductivity (σ). Furthermore, by employing continuous single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks as structural units, highly conductive flexible PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT TE thin films could be prepared without sacrificing the Seebeck coefficient (S). Additionally, the effect of HNTD and direct addition method on TE properties of composite films is also compared. Finally, the PEDOT:PSS composite film with 40 wt % SWCNTs by the HNTD method exhibits the maximized power factor (PF) of 501.31 ± 19.23 μW m −1 K −2 with σ of 4717.8 ± 41.51 S cm −1 and S of 32.6 ± 0.13 μV K −1 at room temperature. It is worth mentioning that the σ value 4717.8 ± 41.51 S cm −1 is the highest among the composites based on commercial carbon fillers and organic semiconductors. Finally, a 6-leg TEGs prototype is assembled and illustrates an output power of 4.416 μW under a temperature difference (ΔT) of 58 K. It is thought that such a strategy may provide some guidelines for manufacturing PEDOT:PSS-based functional materials.

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“…17 Liang et al have reported synthesis techniques of different nanostructures of PPy and their TE performances. 15 Numerous research works have been reported supporting the compatibility of PPy and PPy/carbonbased material composites as OTE, 18 such as PPy/Graphene nanosheets composites, 19 PPy/reduced graphene oxide composites, 20 PPy/SWCNT composites, 21 PPy/MWCNT composites, 22 PPy/helical carbon nanotube composites, 23 etc.…”

Section: Poly(34e T H Y L E N E D I O X Y T H I O P H E N E ) : P O L...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypyrrole/Tin Sulfide Hybrid Nanocomposites as Promising Thermoelectric Materials: A Combined Experimental and DFT Study

Rakshit,

Ghosal,

Jana

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Conducting polymer-based inorganic/organic nanocomposites has become a popular candidate as eco-friendly thermoelectric (TE) materials in the past few years. This work reports a comprehensive study of the TE properties of tin sulfide (SnS)/polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites for the first time. The nanocomposites are prepared via two, low-cost steps: a chemical reaction to synthesize the SnS nanoparticles, followed by an in situ polymerization reaction. The TE properties of these SnS/PPy composites in a temperature interval of 303–373 K are investigated by tuning the content of SnS nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The observations are discussed based on the results from structure analysis (X-ray diffraction), optical properties (UV–vis), surface morphology analysis (field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy), and chemical composition analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). In order to analyze the orbital contribution and the carrier transport mechanism in the SnS/PPy composites, first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed. The electronic band structure and density of states spectra clearly dictate that the formation of nanocomposite results in a decrement in the band gap, which might be a reason for the enhanced TE response of the nanocomposites. TE parameters, such as Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical conductivity (σ), and power factor (PF), are enhanced in the composites than in the pure PPy. The study reports maximum S (∼50.67 μV K–1), σ (∼32.26 S cm–1), and PF (∼6 μW m–1 K–2) values for composites containing 20, 10, and 20 wt % of SnS nanoparticles. Among the synthesized samples, the maximum ZT of ∼0.86 × 10–2 is achieved for PPy/20 wt % SnS at 373 K. This work concludes that the inclusion of SnS nanoparticle fillers in the conductive PPy matrix is an efficient route to enhance the TE performance of PPy. The newly fabricated nanocomposite is a novel, low-cost, nontoxic TE material relevant to green energy generation and environmental remediation.

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High performance polypyrrole/SWCNTs composite film as a promising organic thermoelectric material

Abstract: PPy/SWCNTs composite films with high thermoelectric performance were prepared by chemical interfacial polymerization under a controlled low temperature.

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

High Thermoelectric Power Generation by SWCNT/PPy Core Shell Nanocomposites

High Thermoelectric Power Generation by SWCNT/PPy Core Shell Nanocomposites

Highly Electrical Conductive PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT Flexible Thermoelectric Films Fabricated by a High-Velocity Non-solvent Turbulent Secondary Doping Approach

Polypyrrole/Tin Sulfide Hybrid Nanocomposites as Promising Thermoelectric Materials: A Combined Experimental and DFT Study

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