High-Performance Polyimides Derived from Biomass: Design, Synthesis, and Properties

Abstract

The development of sustainable polyimides (PIs) from abundant renewable biogenic feedstocks has been limited by the bio-based content and the lack of mechanical and thermal properties. This study synthesized a series of daidzein-based PIs with a high bio-based content of up to 53%, which was significantly higher than the reported bio-based content (approximately 40%). The mechanical and thermal stability of the obtained polymer is comparable with that of commercial PIs, with the tensile strength of 148.6 MPa and the glass transition temperature (T g ) of 318.2 °C. Additionally, the daidzein-based PIs showed excellent fluorescence characteristics with a maximum fluorescence efficiency of 45.18 ns and an absolute fluorescence quantum yield of 14.1%. Such a performance combination has not been reported in bio-based PIs, even petrochemical PIs. Interestingly, the integration of experiments and density functional theoretical calculations revealed an effective intermolecular and intramolecular conjugation and the inhibition effect of intramolecular charge transfer by "enone and ether bonds" in daidzein-derived PIs. This work provides a possible route for the design and synthesis of multifunctional PIs with high bio-based content.

1D Covalent Organic Frameworks Triggering Highly Efficient Photosynthesis of H2O2 via Controllable Modular Design

“…[5b,13] The peaks of CÀ OÀ C (EO-COF), CÀ SÀ C (ES-COF), and CÀ SeÀ C (Ese-COF) bonds in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Figure S8) show the difference in material composition. [14] The morphologies of as-synthesized COFs were investigated by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterizations. As shown in Figure 2 (g-i), these EX-COFs show similar prism shapes with different sizes ranging from 200 nm to 5 μm.…”

Continuous Spinning of High‐Tough Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics by Using Regional Heterogeneous Polymerization

“…The active hydrogen characteristic peaks of PAMAA, PAMAA/Fe 3+ , and W‐PAMAA/Fe 3+ hydrogel fibers were located at 3421 cm −1 , 3451 cm −1 , and 3430 cm −1 , respectively, implying that the hydrogen bonding interactions in the hydrogel fiber weakened after soaking in FeCl 3 solution and were restored after further immersion in H 2 O. [ 17 ] The 1575 cm −1 was assigned to the COO − characteristic peak that could be used to clarify the coordination of COO − with Fe 3+ (Figure 5e ). [ 3 ] The ratio of absorbance at 1575 cm −1 to C = O characteristic peak (A 1575 /A C = O ) of PAMAA/Fe 3+ and W‐PAMAA/Fe 3+ hydrogels were 0.63 and 0.70, respectively (Figure 5f ).…”

Advancements in Synthesis Strategies and Optoelectronic Applications of Bio-Based Photosensitive Polyimides

“…Zhang et al used furan-containing t-butyl oxy-carbonyl glycine (BOC-glycine) and furan-containing 2,5-furan dimethanol to synthesize BOC-glycine 2,5-furan dimethyl ester, which was further applied to the synthesis of furan-based diamines and prepared polyimides with excellent thermal stability and smooth surface [35]. Gong et al used dihydrogenated soybean saponins and diamine to prepare polyimides with relatively excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, light transmittance, and fuorescence characteristics [36]. Also, the bio-based content reached 53%, providing a possible way to break through the limitations of bio-based content in the future.…”