High performance of H3BO3 modified USY and equilibrium catalyst with tailored acid sites in catalytic cracking

Feng, Rui; Yan, Xinlong; Hu, Xiaoyan; Qiao, Ke; Zhang, Yan; Rood, Mark J.

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.02.041

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, as the crystallinity decreased, the amounts of total acid sites and Lewis acid sites increased slightly at first and then decreased greatly. It indicated that Lewis acid sites, which were found to be the primary source of weak acid sites, were the major acid sites and most of them come from the crystallized zeolites, as previously reported [29,30]. Considering the different operating conditions of NH 3 -TPD and pyridine adsorbed FT-IR analysis, the acid amounts detected were different.…”

Section: Catalytic Tests Of As-synthesized Zsm-5 Catalystssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The acid type was further measured by pyridine adsorbed FT-IR spectra, as shown in Figure 7b and Table 3. The bands at 1446 cm −1 and 1549 cm −1 are assigned to the pyridine adsorbed on Lewis acid sites and Brönsted acid sites, respectively [12,[28][29][30]. The bands at 1577 cm −1 and 1596 cm −1 are The strength of accessible acid sites in the selected ZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by NH 3 -TPD tests.…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Zsm-5 Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Coal Fly Ash as an Additive for the Methanol to Propylene (MTP) Reaction

et al. 2019

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Using ZSM-5 zeolites as catalysts for the methanol to propylene (MTP) reaction is being widely investigated and has been industrially applied. In this study, pure ZSM-5 zeolite was successfully synthesized by a direct hydrothermal method using the fly ash of coal gasification as an additional raw material. Various analysis methods such as X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy, were employed to characterize the physicochemical properties of parent and modified zeolites. Then, the prepared ZSM-5 catalysts were tested in the MTP reaction. The results showed that pure ZSM-5 could be directly synthesized in the optimized conditions using fly ash as additional silicon and aluminum sources, and those ZSM-5 catalysts turned out to be candidate catalysts for the MTP reaction. Whereas their catalytic lifetimes were not good enough due to the strong acid sites and needed improving.

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Section: Catalytic Tests Of As-synthesized Zsm-5 Catalystssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Zsm-5 Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Coal Fly Ash as an Additive for the Methanol to Propylene (MTP) Reaction

et al. 2019

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“…Its content gives an idea of the total amount of Al 3+ species, which can be directly correlated with Brønsted-type acidic sites. 55 Hence, CAT-3 with a content of 62.82 wt % of alumina will be the catalyst with the highest amount of acidic sites. Additionally, noticeable amounts of rare earths can be found in equilibrated FCC catalysts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) shown in Table S2 corresponds to total alumina, i.e., active and inactive alumina, as it can be found both in the HY zeolite and in the matrix. Its content gives an idea of the total amount of Al 3+ species, which can be directly correlated with Brønsted-type acidic sites . Hence, CAT-3 with a content of 62.82 wt % of alumina will be the catalyst with the highest amount of acidic sites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Non-Conventional Fuels by Catalytic Cracking of Scrap Tires Pyrolysis Oil

Rodríguez

Palos

Gutiérrez

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Different commercial equilibrium fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts have been tested in the upgrading of scrap tires pyrolysis oil (STPO) with the aim of obtaining automotive-like fuels. The runs have been performed in a CREC riser simulator reactor under FCC conditions: 470–560 °C; catalyst to oil mass ratio (C/O), 5 gcat gSTPO –1; contact time, 6 s. The performance of the different catalysts, i.e., the extent of cracking reactions and product distribution, has been quantified by means of chromatographic techniques. Quantified product fractions have been the following: dry gas (C1–C2), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG, C3–C4), naphtha (C5–C12), light cycle oil (LCO, C13–C20), and heavy cycle oil (HCO, C20+). Obtained results expose the capacity of the FCC unit for the valorization of STPO, showing the relevance of the properties of the catalyst, i.e., porous structure and acidity, in obtained conversion and product yields.

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“…In fact, strong acidic sites are needed to initiate the cracking process, and special characters of pore structures are needed to limit the coke formation . The activity of zeolite in the cracking process is dependent on Brønsted acidic sites because the cracking reaction of hydrocarbons is carried out via formation of carbaniun ion intermediate. ,,, Also, the zeolites are widely used in hydrocarbon isomerization, hydrocracking, reforming, and alkylation processes as heterogeneous catalysts …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Study of Hexadecane Cracking over Novel and Efficient HY/Al-HMS/K10 Hybrid Catalysts

Masoudinejad

Mahdavi

2019

Energy Fuels

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The aim of this study is to provide a new and high-performance catalytic system for the cracking process by combining HY-zeolite, Al-hexagonal mesoporous molecular sieves (HMS) as a new matrix, and montmorillonite K10 as filler components. The Al-HMS molecular sieve was synthesized with different Si/Al molar ratios in the range of 2.5–35 and assembled with various amounts of HY-zeolite and montmorillonite K10 to prepare two- and three-component catalysts. After calcination, their catalytic activities were investigated in a cracking reaction of n-hexadecane at 500 °C and atmospheric pressure as a model reactant. The structure and surface properties of the synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, temperature-programmed desorption of NH3, and pyridine-IR techniques. Results indicated that the desired hybrid catalysts were successfully synthesized with the micro-mesoporous structures, high surface area, and suitable pore volume, and their performance was directly related to the strength of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites as well as the ratio of microporous–mesoporous structures. The optimized ZAK(35) catalyst (containing 35 wt % NH4Y, 50 wt % K10, 15 wt % Al-HMS(5), and Si/Al molar ratio of 5 in matrix) with proper textural properties, appropriate ratio of mesopore to microspore structure, suitable thermal stability to about 750 °C, and a higher Brönsted/Lewis acid sites ratio exhibited an excellent ability in the cracking of n-hexadecane. In optimum condition over the ZAK(35) catalyst, n-hexadecane conversion of 69% was achieved, and the selectivity values of gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas, and dry gas were 71, 20, and 4.5%, respectively.

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High performance of H3BO3 modified USY and equilibrium catalyst with tailored acid sites in catalytic cracking

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Coal Fly Ash as an Additive for the Methanol to Propylene (MTP) Reaction

Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Coal Fly Ash as an Additive for the Methanol to Propylene (MTP) Reaction

Production of Non-Conventional Fuels by Catalytic Cracking of Scrap Tires Pyrolysis Oil

Catalytic Study of Hexadecane Cracking over Novel and Efficient HY/Al-HMS/K10 Hybrid Catalysts

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