“…From the morphological point of view, TEM images of each sample show sticky-shaped nanoparticles, having a diameter in the range 20-50 nm and lengths up to several hundred of nanometers ( Fig. 1) [27,37]. Thus, the use of different synthetic reagents does not seem to significantly influence the nanopowders morphology.…”
Section: Physico-chemical Characterizations Of Pure and Carbon-based mentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In this work, we followed the one-pot hydrothermal procedure already optimized in our laboratory [27,37]. Herein, we adopted stoichiometric manganese sulphate monohydrate (MnSO 4 Â H 2 O) or manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl 2 Â 4H 2 O) as the salt precursors, and ammonium persulphate ((NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) or potassium bromate (KBrO 3 ) as the oxidizing agents.…”
Section: Synthesis Of Mno 2 Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, among various available materials, metal oxides have potential applications in water treatment due to their high surface area and low regeneration costs [9]. In particular, nanosized manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is a multifunctional material, which has been broadly applied in the areas of electrocatalysis [26,27] and supercapacitors, as well as in the adsorption technology [9,28]. Furthermore, MnO 2 nanomaterials may also offer efficient and innovative solutions for organic pollutant degradation.…”
Herein, we report a one-pot wet chemical method adopted to synthesize ad hoc MnO 2 nanoparticles. By varying both the manganese salt precursors (e.g. sulphate or chloride) and the oxidizing agents (e.g. ammonium persulphate, potassium permanganate or potassium bromate), we succeeded in tailoring MnO 2 structural, morphological and surface features. Hence, owing to nanopowders peculiar properties, they were exploited as adsorbents for aqueous Methyl Orange (MO) removal. Particularly, novel MnO 2 nanorods (from manganese sulphate and potassium bromate, namely MS_Br) showed the highest removal efficiency probably due to both its polymorphic composition and its highest percentage of pores with diameter under 20 nm. Then, this powder was grown on Activated Carbon (AC40, sample MS_Br@AC40) pellets to either enhance its adsorption properties or to facilitate the adsorbent removal at the end of the kinetic test. Novel MS_Br@AC40 shows superior MO removal capabilities, achieving the almost total pollutant disappearance, thanks to the synergistic adsorption/oxidation features between carbon (high surface area, i.e. 1200 m 2 g À1) and MnO 2. By means of HPLC-MS on eluates, we also managed to investigate MS_Br and MS_Br@AC40 degradative power towards MO molecules, thus leading to a novel degradation pathway. Finally, the adsorbent regeneration capability has been evaluated, showing very promising results.
“…From the morphological point of view, TEM images of each sample show sticky-shaped nanoparticles, having a diameter in the range 20-50 nm and lengths up to several hundred of nanometers ( Fig. 1) [27,37]. Thus, the use of different synthetic reagents does not seem to significantly influence the nanopowders morphology.…”
Section: Physico-chemical Characterizations Of Pure and Carbon-based mentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In this work, we followed the one-pot hydrothermal procedure already optimized in our laboratory [27,37]. Herein, we adopted stoichiometric manganese sulphate monohydrate (MnSO 4 Â H 2 O) or manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl 2 Â 4H 2 O) as the salt precursors, and ammonium persulphate ((NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) or potassium bromate (KBrO 3 ) as the oxidizing agents.…”
Section: Synthesis Of Mno 2 Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, among various available materials, metal oxides have potential applications in water treatment due to their high surface area and low regeneration costs [9]. In particular, nanosized manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is a multifunctional material, which has been broadly applied in the areas of electrocatalysis [26,27] and supercapacitors, as well as in the adsorption technology [9,28]. Furthermore, MnO 2 nanomaterials may also offer efficient and innovative solutions for organic pollutant degradation.…”
Herein, we report a one-pot wet chemical method adopted to synthesize ad hoc MnO 2 nanoparticles. By varying both the manganese salt precursors (e.g. sulphate or chloride) and the oxidizing agents (e.g. ammonium persulphate, potassium permanganate or potassium bromate), we succeeded in tailoring MnO 2 structural, morphological and surface features. Hence, owing to nanopowders peculiar properties, they were exploited as adsorbents for aqueous Methyl Orange (MO) removal. Particularly, novel MnO 2 nanorods (from manganese sulphate and potassium bromate, namely MS_Br) showed the highest removal efficiency probably due to both its polymorphic composition and its highest percentage of pores with diameter under 20 nm. Then, this powder was grown on Activated Carbon (AC40, sample MS_Br@AC40) pellets to either enhance its adsorption properties or to facilitate the adsorbent removal at the end of the kinetic test. Novel MS_Br@AC40 shows superior MO removal capabilities, achieving the almost total pollutant disappearance, thanks to the synergistic adsorption/oxidation features between carbon (high surface area, i.e. 1200 m 2 g À1) and MnO 2. By means of HPLC-MS on eluates, we also managed to investigate MS_Br and MS_Br@AC40 degradative power towards MO molecules, thus leading to a novel degradation pathway. Finally, the adsorbent regeneration capability has been evaluated, showing very promising results.
“…Nanostructured 5% Ti-doped α -MnO 2 particles were synthesized by hydrothermal methods using two different oxidizing agents, i.e., ammonium persulfate and potassium permanganate for electrocatalytic applications. The doped samples show an efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in alkaline media that leads to a significant shift of the ORR potential (~100 mV) comparable to the well-performing Pd 45 Pt 5 Sn 50 material [150]. …”
Manganese dioxides, inorganic materials which have been used in industry for more than a century, now find great renewal of interest for storage and conversion of energy applications. In this review article, we report the properties of MnO2 nanomaterials with different morphologies. Techniques used for the synthesis, structural, physical properties, and electrochemical performances of periodic and aperiodic frameworks are discussed. The effect of the morphology of nanosized MnO2 particles on their fundamental features is evidenced. Applications as electrodes in lithium batteries and supercapacitors are examined.
“…Besides, focusing on the Ti 2p 1/2 region (Figure 3d), a confirmation of the previous outcomes was obtained. Actually, for all the three solid solutions, the peaks relative to defective Ti species [50], Ti(III) (at ca. 457.1 eV) and Ti(IV + δ) + (at ca.…”
The major drawback of oxide-based sensors is the lack of selectivity. In this context, Sn x Ti 1−x O 2 /graphene oxide (GO)-based materials were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal route, varying the titanium content in the tin dioxide matrix. Then, toluene and acetone gas sensing performances of the as-prepared sensors were systematically investigated. Specifically, by using 32:1 SnO 2 /GO and 32:1 TiO 2 /GO, a greater selectivity towards acetone analyte, also at room temperature, was obtained even at ppb level. However, solid solutions possessing a higher content of tin relative to titanium (as 32:1 Sn 0.55 Ti 0.45 O 2 /GO) exhibited higher selectivity towards bigger and non-polar molecules (such as toluene) at 350 • C, rather than acetone. A deep experimental investigation of structural (XRPD and Raman), morphological (SEM, TEM, BET surface area and pores volume) and surface (XPS analyses) properties allowed us to give a feasible explanation of the different selectivity. Moreover, by exploiting the UV light, the lowest operating temperature to obtain a significant and reliable signal was 250 • C, keeping the greater selectivity to the toluene analyte. Hence, the feasibility of tuning the chemical selectivity by engineering the relative amount of SnO 2 and TiO 2 is a promising feature that may guide the future development of miniaturized chemoresistors.
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