High-performance nanofluidic osmotic power generation enabled by exterior surface charges under the natural salt gradient

Ma, Long; Li, Zhongwu; Yuan, Zhishan; Wang, Haocheng; Huang, Chuanzhen; Qiu, Yinghua

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229637

Cited by 26 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In a 2 nm long nanopore, as the slip length of surfaces increases, the Cl – ion current decreases slightly. Because of the enhancement in the flow of Na + ions along the slipping exterior surface on the low-concentration side, a more negative potential is induced at the orifice of the nanopore (Figure S4), which weakens the diffusion process of Cl – ions. When the pore length increases to 5 nm, the diffusio-osmotic flow generated by the diffusion of Na + ions becomes stronger (Figure S5) and drives more Cl – ions through the nanopore which thereby increases the transport of Cl – ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…It can be concluded that the slipping surfaces of nanopores are of great importance to achieve high-performance nanofluidic osmotic power generation. Following the simulation strategy from previous research , and taking advantage of the finite element method, we explored the individual influences of each slipping surface on the OEC performance. As shown in Figure , with the consideration of individual surfaces with or without hydrodynamic slip, eight simulation models have been studied with different slipping surfaces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From theoretical prediction, , high-performance energy conversion requires both high ionic selectivity and permeability of nanoporous membranes simultaneously. However, a ubiquitous trade-off exists between these two properties of membranes used for nanofluidic osmotic power generation. − For porous membranes, ionic selectivity results from the electrostatic interaction between surface charges and mobile ions in solutions . Nanopores with longer lengths or narrower diameters have a higher ionic selectivity for counterions, due to the larger charged surface area or more confined space, while ionic permeability is proportional to the cross-sectional area and inversely proportional to the length of the nanopore, respectively …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practical applications, breaking the trade-off between ionic selectivity and permeability, that is, achieving high ionic permeability yet still retaining good ion selectivity, has attracted much attention to achieve high-performance osmotic energy conversion (OEC). On the basis of the different dependences of ionic selectivity and permeability on the pore geometry, optimal pore length was found to produce the highest electric power through systematical investigation of the OEC performance in nanopores with the same diameter but different lengths. , With the finite element method, the influences of individual charged pore walls on OEC were explored by Ma et al The charged exterior surface on the low-concentration side plays an important role during energy harvesting, which considerably increases both electric power and conversion efficiency with short nanopores because of the significantly enhanced diffusion of counterions. Through raising the surface charge density to −1 C/m 2 , Huang et al also achieved simultaneously improved electric power and ionic selectivity in ultrashort nanopores with large radii due to the ultrahigh surface charge strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the influence from hydrodynamic slip of exterior membrane surfaces on fluid flow or OEC performance has rarely been considered. From recent studies, exterior membrane surfaces may have significant impact on the transport characteristics of ions and fluids, especially in nanopores with sub-200 nm in length. ,− In experiments, the slip length of solid surfaces can be tuned by the adjustment of surface hydrophobicity with various of chemical modifications, such as attaching hydrophobic polymer molecules to solid surfaces. , Since pores in porous membranes have nanoscale dimensions, surface chemical modification may be challenging, because the process could change the pore size or even block the pore. Modifications for hydrodynamic slip on exterior membrane surfaces can be achieved much more conveniently before fabrication of the nanopores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significantly Enhanced Performance of Nanofluidic Osmotic Power Generation by Slipping Surfaces of Nanopores

Lin

Qiu

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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High-performance osmotic energy conversion (OEC) with a perm-selective porous membrane requires both high ionic selectivity and permeability simultaneously. Here hydrodynamic slip is considered on the surfaces of nanopores to break the trade-off between ionic selectivity and permeability, because it decreases the viscous friction at solid−liquid interfaces which can promote ionic diffusion during OEC. Taking advantage of simulations, influences from individual slipping surfaces on the OEC performance have been investigated, i.e., the slipping inner surface (surface inner ) and exterior surfaces on the low-and high-concentration sides (surface L and surface H ). Results show that the slipping surface L is crucial for high-performance OEC. For nanopores with various lengths, the slipping surface L simultaneously increases both ionic permeability and selectivity of nanopores, which results in both significantly enhanced electric power and energy conversion efficiency. For nanopores longer than 30 nm, the slipping surface inner plays a dominant role in the increase of electric power, which induces a considerable decrease in energy conversion efficiency due to enhanced transport of both cations and anions. Considering the difficulty in hydrodynamic slip modification to the surface inner of nanopores, the surface modification to the surface L may be a better choice to achieve high-performance OEC. Our results provide feasible guidance to the design of porous membranes for high-performance osmotic energy harvesting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Significantly Enhanced Performance of Nanofluidic Osmotic Power Generation by Slipping Surfaces of Nanopores

Lin

Qiu

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Scavenging Energy and Information through Dynamically Regulating the Electrical Double Layer

Li,

Wang,

Wei

2024

Adv Funct Materials

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The electrical double layer (EDL) between solids and liquids serves as the primary interface for ionic‐electronic coupling and is pivotal in nanoscale phenomena, governing electric field effects, ion transport, surface interactions, etc. Dynamically regulating the EDL through mechanical or electrostatic methods can influence charge carrier behavior, thereby impacting energy scavenging and storage processes. This regulation enabled efficient energy scavenging by governing ionic migration and optimizing charge carrier concentration at the interface, presenting a novel avenue to achieve efficient energy and information flow. Here, various scavenging energy and information devices through dynamically regulating the EDL are systematically reviewed. They are classified into three groups by regulating the distribution and movement of charge carriers throughout the entire EDL, diffuse layer, and Debye length range. The review provided a comprehensive overview of the operating principles, influencing factors, output characteristics, and typical applications, along with a discussion on future challenges. This holistic examination offers researchers valuable insights for evaluating their applicability in various scenarios.

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Giant Blue Energy Harvesting in Two‐Dimensional Polymer Membranes with Spatially Aligned Charges

Liu,

Li,

Chu

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Blue energy between seawater and river water is attracting increasing interest, as one of the sustainable and renewable energy resources that can be harvested from water. Within the reverse electrodialysis applied in blue energy conversion, novel membranes with nanoscale confinement that function as selective ion transport mediums are currently in high demand for realizing higher power density. The primary challenge lies in constructing well‐defined nanochannels that allow for low‐energy‐barrier transport. In this work, we propose a concept for nanofluidic channels with a simultaneous dual electrostatic effect that can enhance both ion selectivity and flux. To actualize this, we have synthesized propidium iodide‐based two‐dimensional polymer (PI‐2DP) membranes possessing both skeleton charge and intrinsic space charge, which are spatially aligned along the ion transport pathway. The dual charge design of PI‐2DP significantly enhances the electrostatic interaction between the translocating anions and the cationic polymer framework, and a high anion selectivity coefficient (∼0.8) is reached. When mixing standard artificial seawater and river water, we achieve a considerable power density of 48.4 W m−2, outperforming most state‐of‐the‐art nanofluidic membranes. Moreover, when applied between the Mediterranean Sea and the Elbe River, an output power density of 42.2 W m−2 is achieved by the PI‐2DP. This nanofluidic membrane design with dual‐layer charges will inspire more innovative development of ion‐selective channels for blue energy conversion that will contribute to global energy consumption.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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High-performance nanofluidic osmotic power generation enabled by exterior surface charges under the natural salt gradient

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Significantly Enhanced Performance of Nanofluidic Osmotic Power Generation by Slipping Surfaces of Nanopores

Significantly Enhanced Performance of Nanofluidic Osmotic Power Generation by Slipping Surfaces of Nanopores

Scavenging Energy and Information through Dynamically Regulating the Electrical Double Layer

Giant Blue Energy Harvesting in Two‐Dimensional Polymer Membranes with Spatially Aligned Charges

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