Transition metal phosphides/phosphates (TMPs) are considered
appealing
electrode materials in energy-related fields, especially in supercapacitors.
However, the dilemma of inadequate electrode kinetics and dimensional
unreliability evoked by a huge volume variation during cycling significantly
plagues their progress. To mitigate this issue, in this work, a 3D
cross-network in situ assembled via self-derived N-doped carbon hybrid
Ni-Co-P/POx 2D sheets is fabricated. Particularly, high-Fermi-level
N-doped carbon well confines Ni-Co-P/POx nanoparticles at the molecular
level, and N-doping leads to redistribution of spin/electron density
in the carbon skeleton, effectively regulating the electron environment
of nearby Ni–Co-based moieties, resulting in a relatively lower
surface work function, as known via experimental and Kelvin probe
force microscopy (KPFM) results, which favors electron flee from the
electrode surface and facilitates electron transport toward a rapid
supercapacitor response. Moreover, the well-defined 3D cross-network
architectures featured with in-plane pores and interconnected with
each other can provide more ion/electron transfer pathways and 2D
sheets with excellent surface chemistry available for sustainable
ion/electron mobility, synergistically affording the favorable electrode
kinetics. Accordingly, the resultant Ni-Co-P/POx@NC electrode shows
admirable specific capacitance, excellent rate survivability, and
long-term cyclability. The as-assembled asymmetric device exhibits
remarkable energy and power outputs (48.5 Wh kg–1 and 7500 W kg–1), superior to many reported devices.
Furthermore, our devices possess the prominent ability to power a
commercial electronic thermometer for 1560 s at least, showcasing
superb application prospects.