High performance flocculating agent based on partially hydrolysed sodium alginate–g–polyacrylamide

Tripathy, Tridib; Singh, R. P.

doi:10.1016/s0014-3057(99)00201-3

Cited by 91 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Titration method was widely used to estimate the NE (Tripathy and Singh 2000). Two hundred milligrams of the samples were equilibrated with 0.1N HCl for 6 h and the surplus hydrogen ion concentration was back titrated with a standard Sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 N).…”

Section: Neutralisation Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the equivalent weight of the carboxylic acid functional group was calculated. 17 Preparation of beads DS equivalent to 20 or 40% of dry mass of the polymer was precisely measured and dispersed in 3% w/v aqueous solution of GG or optimised copolymer and mixed thoroughly by means of magnetic stirrer. Using 25 ml hypodermic syringe with needle 23, hydrolysed copolymer dispersion and GG solution were poured into 100 ml aqueous solutions of AlCl 3 (20,30 and 40 % w/v) at a rate of 25 drops/min.…”

Section: Neutralisation Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteric Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium through Functionally Modified Poly(acrylamide-grafted-Ghatti gum)-based pH-sensitive Hydrogel Beads: Development, Formulation and Evaluation

Moin¹,

Hussain²,

Gowda³

2017

JYP

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Background: To prepare and characterize modified Poly(acrylamide-grafted-Ghatti gum). To formulate & evaluate using this grafted polymer pH-sensitive hydrogel beads of diclofenac sodium for enteric delivery. Methods: Polyacrylamide was grafted onto ghatti gum with microwave assistance using ceric ammonium nitrate as redox initiator. Optimization of formulation was done by varying the irradiation time, amount of initiator and acrylamide keeping amount of ghatti gum (GG) as constant. The copolymer was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elemental analysis, viscosity, molecular weight, neutralization equivalent, swelling, biodegradability and acute oral toxicity studies. Results: The copolymer was found to be biodegradable and non-toxic. Further the optimized copolymer was used to generate novel pH sensitive hydrogel. Diclofenac sodium (DS) was loaded into pH sensitive beads by ionotropic gelation technique using AlCl 3 as crosslinking agent. Pulsatile swelling study indicated that the copolymer exhibits considerable pH-sensitive behaviour unlike pure gum. In vitro release studies were performed and it was found to be much less from copolymeric beads than from pure ghatti beads. Furthermore, a maximum of 20 % drug was released from copolymeric beads in pH 1.2-5.5 in first 3 h period, while 80 % was released in pH 6.8-7.4 in 8 hr. Key words: Acrylamide grafted ghatti gum; Biodegradable; Diclofenac sodium; pH-sensitive hydrogel; Controlled-release. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Section: Neutralisation Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neutralisation Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium through Functionally Modified Poly(acrylamide-grafted-Ghatti gum)-based pH-sensitive Hydrogel Beads: Development, Formulation and Evaluation

Moin¹,

Hussain²,

Gowda³

2017

JYP

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“…It was reported that after hydrolysis, the grafted chains become more straightened and expanded but still have flexibility compared with the unhydrolysed chains. 107 These properties result in a higher radius of gyration as well as pervaded volume and hence a higher flocculation efficiency obtained. 106 The flocculating efficiency of grafted bio-flocculants obtained with different grafting methods is compared in some studies.…”

Section: Flocculation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flocculation is extensively employed for clarification through sedimentation. Application of ecofriendly plant-based bio-flocculants in wastewater treatment has attracted significant attention lately with high removal capability in terms of solids, turbidity, colour and dye. However, moderate flocculating property and short shelf life restrict their development. In order to enhance the flocculating ability, natural polysaccharides derived from plants are chemically modified by inclusion of synthetic, non-biodegradable monomers (e.g. acrylamide) onto their backbone to produce grafted bio-flocculants. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the development and flocculating efficiencies of plant-based bio-flocculants and grafted bio-flocculants for the first time. Furthermore, the processing methods, flocculation mechanism and the current challenges are discussed. All the reported studies about plant-derived bio-flocculants are conducted under lab-scale conditions in wastewater treatment. Hence, the possibility to apply natural bio-flocculants in food and beverage, mineral, paper and pulp, oleo-chemical and biodiesel industries is discussed and evaluated.

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“…However these polymers are quite unstable in shear fields and hence lose their flocculation effectiveness. The natural polymers like polysaccharides exhibit good resistance to shear degradation, but they are less effective flocculating agents compared with synthetic polymers and their aqueous solutions are also susceptible towards biodegradation (Tripathy and De, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water Using Poly(Acrylamide-co-Acrylic Acid)-Sodium Alginate Flocculant Obtained by Electron Beam Irradiation

Manaila¹,

Crăciun²,

Ighigeanu³

et al. 2016

The International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems

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The goal of the paper is to present the obtaining, characterization and testing of a new type of polyelectrolyte based on acrylamide, acrylic acid and sodium alginate for flocculation purposes. Polyelectrolytes, also called flocculants, were obtained by electron beam irradiation in atmospheric conditions and at room temperature. They have been characterized using various physical and chemical methods in order to determine conversion coefficient, residual monomer content, intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight. The heavy metals removal (Cu 2+ and Cr 6+) was evaluated at room temperature on synthetic water having the contents of 0.05 wt/vol % CuSO4 and 0.05 wt/vol % K2Cr2O7, respectively.

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High performance flocculating agent based on partially hydrolysed sodium alginate–g–polyacrylamide

Cited by 91 publications

References 6 publications

Enteric Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium through Functionally Modified Poly(acrylamide-grafted-Ghatti gum)-based pH-sensitive Hydrogel Beads: Development, Formulation and Evaluation

Enteric Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium through Functionally Modified Poly(acrylamide-grafted-Ghatti gum)-based pH-sensitive Hydrogel Beads: Development, Formulation and Evaluation

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water Using Poly(Acrylamide-co-Acrylic Acid)-Sodium Alginate Flocculant Obtained by Electron Beam Irradiation

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