High-Performance Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Embedded Silver Network Transparent Electrodes

Abstract

Because of their mechanical flexibility, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) hold great promise as a leading technology for display and lighting applications in wearable electronics. The development of flexible OLEDs requires high-quality transparent conductive electrodes with superior bendability and roll-to-roll manufacturing compatibility to replace indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes. Here, we present a flexible transparent conductor on plastic with embedded silver networks which is used to achieve flexible, highly power-efficient large-area green and white OLEDs. By combining an improved outcoupling structure for simultaneously extracting light in waveguide and substrate modes and reducing the surface plasmonic losses, flexible white OLEDs exhibit a power efficiency of 106 lm W(-1) at 1000 cd m(-2) with angular color stability, which is significantly higher than all other reports of flexible white OLEDs. These results represent an exciting step toward the realization of ITO-free, high-efficiency OLEDs for use in a wide variety of high-performance flexible applications.

A sky-blue fluorescent small molecule for non-doped OLED using solution-processing

“…30,33 Poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS, CLEVIOS PVP Al4083) was purchased from H. C. 10 Starck Clevios GmbH. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and freshly distilled from Na/diphenylketone before use.…”

“…Especially, when the water 5 content is above 60% (vol.%), the emission intensity of TPEF solution started to increases sharply as compared with that of TPEF solution when the water fraction is lower, where the emission is very weak and varies only slightly. This could be ascribed to the fact that the TPEF molecule could be able to 10 withstand water concentration to some extent without aggregation due to its low molecular weight. So, the aromatic rotors of TPE groups on TPEF molecules are still active when the water content is lower than 60% thus annihilates the excitons in a non-radiative manner, resulting weak emission intensity.…”

“…4(a). All of the organic thin films in the device were deposited by solutionprocessing, which is energy-efficient and offers an opportunity to 10 large-size device fabrication. Fig.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] During the past decades, a 20 wide diversity of efficient emissive materials have been synthesized for application in OLEDs. Blue-emitting materials are necessary for full-color displays and serve as component for white light generation.…”

Effect of decomposition and organic residues on resistivity of copper films fabricated via low-temperature sintering of complex particle mixed dispersions

“…This makes the method cost-effective, highly efficient in terms of material usage, scalable and simple in terms of processing, and flexible for use on various types of substrates123. Many examples have been reported for using metallic inks in printed electronics, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs)4, circuits5, flexible displays6, and radio frequency identification (RFID) tags7. Conductive inks or pastes based on silver are currently preferred because of their lowest resistivity (1.6 × 10 −8  Ω·m) and stability in air8.…”