High performance characterization of triacylglycerols in milk and milk-related samples by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry

Beccaria, Marco; Sullini, Giuseppe; Cacciola, Francesco; Donato, Paola; Dugo, Paola; Mondello, Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.073

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The percentages for this study were C38-C34 = 22.7, C36-C44 = 64.3 and C46-C54 = 12.9, which is explainable if it is considered that the fatty acids that are predominantly present in goat milk fat are of short, medium and long chain, from acetic to oleic [25] [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Composition of Triacylglycerols in Fats of Cow and Goat Milk Produced in Four Zones of Mexico

Tolentino¹,

León²,

Pérez³

et al. 2015

FNS

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The study of the triacylglycerols (TAG) by gas chromatography (GC) using capillary columns is an efficient technique for the determination of some characteristics of quality of fats and oils. The objective of the present study was to determine by GC the content of TAG present in fat of cow and goat milk produced in four zones of Mexico. According to criteria established in Mexican Standardization, 25 samples were obtained of 1 L of ultra-pasteurized cow milk (UHT) and 27 and 48 of raw cow and goat milk, respectively. The fat was extracted from all of the milk samples by detergent solution, and was stored at −20˚C until its analysis. The chromatographic conditions made it possible to identify and quantify TAG of 28 to 54 numbers of carbons, which were analyzed under descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. For the cow milk fat, the statistical analyses indicated significant difference (p < 0.05) in the TAG C34, C50 and C52, and for the goat milk fat in the TAG of C36 to C52. No equality of means was found among the TAG of the cow and goat milk fat. This study offers an advance in the characterization of the TAG present in the cow and goat milk fat produced in Mexico.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Composition of Triacylglycerols in Fats of Cow and Goat Milk Produced in Four Zones of Mexico

Tolentino¹,

León²,

Pérez³

et al. 2015

FNS

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“…A recent study provided a very detailed characterization of 243 TAG species in milk samples of different origins using NARP-LC/APCI-IT-TOF-MS [25]. However, complete separation and characterization of TAG isomers in bovine milk remains a challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Triacylglycerol Profile of Bovine Milk

et al. 2017

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Milk contains 3–6% of fat, of which the dominant component is triacylglycerol (TAG). Over 100 TAG groups can be readily detected in any non-enriched milk sample by LC-MS; most TAG groups contain several isomers (TAG molecules with different fatty acid composition), which cannot be fully resolved chromatographically by any single stationary phase. TAG profile of mature milk from 19 cows was surveyed in this study for eight consecutive months using RP-LC-Orbitrap MS. It was found that TAG profile of milk was not constant throughout the milking season and the seasonal pattern varied with TAG groups. The overall unsaturation level of TAG was stable from October 2013 to January 2014, decreased in February/March 2014 and then increased from April and peaked in May 2014. In addition to the seasonal fluctuation in TAG profile, the proportion of different isomeric species within a TAG group also changed substantially across seasons. However, the proportion of different positional isomers within a given TAG group does not seem to vary during the milking season. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the seasonal change of milk lipid at the TAG group and isomer level.

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“…, P N 4 4 , D B N 5 : C18:1C18:2C18:2 < C18:1C18:1C18:3; PN 44, DBN 4: C18:2C18:2C16:0<C18:1C18:3C16:0) [5,10,33]. Taking into account these considerations, a type of rule based on prediction could be established for NARP-LC identification of TAGs belonging to the same PN group [34]. However, in the sample tested, because of the high unsaturation degree, such a rule was not always fulfilled, and the elution order observed was often inverted.…”

Section: Qualitative and Semiquantitative Narp-lc-apci-ms Analysis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the triacylglycerol fraction in fish oil by comprehensive liquid chromatography techniques with the support of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry data

et al. 2015

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Fish oil made from menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) can be used as a dietary supplement for the presence of high levels of the long-chained omega-3 fatty acids, viz. epentaenoic and docosahexanoic. In this work, for the first time, two different multidimensional approaches were developed and compared, in terms of peak capacity, for triacylglycerol characterization. In particular, silver ion chromatography with a silver-ion column and non-aqueous reverse-phase liquid chromatography with a C18 column were tested in both comprehensive (stop-flow) and off-line modes. The use of mass spectra attained by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for both LC approaches, and the fatty acids methyl esters profile of menhaden oil obtained by gas chromatography analysis, greatly supported the elucidation of the triacylglycerol content in menhaden oil. The off-line approach afforded a better separation and, thus, higher peak capacity to allow identifying and semiquantifying more than 250 triacylglycerols. Such a huge number has never been reported for a menhaden oil sample.The main disadvantage of such an approach over the stop-flow one was the longer analysis time, mainly attributable to solvent exchange between the two dimensions.

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High performance characterization of triacylglycerols in milk and milk-related samples by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry

Cited by 57 publications

References 43 publications

Composition of Triacylglycerols in Fats of Cow and Goat Milk Produced in Four Zones of Mexico

Composition of Triacylglycerols in Fats of Cow and Goat Milk Produced in Four Zones of Mexico

Seasonal Variation of Triacylglycerol Profile of Bovine Milk

Determination of the triacylglycerol fraction in fish oil by comprehensive liquid chromatography techniques with the support of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry data

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