High performance carbonized corncob-based 3D solar vapor steam generator enhanced by environmental energy

Sun, Yang; Zhao, Zongbin; Zhao, Guanyu; Wang, Luxiang; Jia, Dianzeng; Yang, Yongzhen; Liu, Xuguang; Wang, Xuzhen; Qiu, Jieshan

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.04.037

Cited by 76 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A weak N 1 s peak was observed at 400.6 eV. These residual nitrogen species endowed the carbonized sorghum straw with the hydrophilicity [ 41 ]. The elemental content of O decreased from 37.9 to 12.3%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

Zhang

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2021

Foods

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Water is an important source for humankind. However, the amount of available clean water has rapidly reduced worldwide. To combat this issue, the solar-energy-driven evaporation technique is newly proposed to produce clean water. Here, biochar derived from sorghum stalk with a multi-level pore bundle structure is utilized to fabricate a solar-driven evaporator for the first time. The biochar displays rapid water transfer and low thermal conductivity (ca. 0.0405 W m−1 K−1), which is vitally important for such an application purpose. The evaporation rate and energy conversion efficiency of the solar evaporator based on carbonized sorghum stalk can achieve up to 3.173 kg m−2 h−1 and 100%, respectively, which are better than most of the previously reported biomass materials. Furthermore, the carbonized sorghum stalk also displays good resistance to salt crystallization, anti-acidic/basic, and organic pollutants by producing drinking water using seawater, acidic/basic waste water, and organic polluted water, respectively. The direct application of processed water in food production was also investigated. The present solar steam evaporator based on the carbonized sorghum stalk has the potential to create practical drinking water production by using various water sources.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0.0405 W m −1 K −1 ). In terms of thermal conductivity, the carbonized sorghum straw was similar to polystyrene foam (0.04 W m −1 K −1 ), and was significantly superior to water (0.60 W m −1 K −1 ) [ 41 , 42 ]. Consequently, the carbonized sorghum straw as a prominent thermal barrier was suitable for a solar evaporator.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

Zhang

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…[55] Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. carbonization process of bamboo and corncob is done under N 2 protection at 450 C, [72,127] whereas the carbonization of the coconut husk is done using a regular household stove. [152] For effective solar absorber design, low temperature (300 C) and free-drying processes are used to transform flour into various forms.…”

Section: Carbonized and Carbon-coated Natural Porous Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[50][51][52][53] However, at the same time, the naturally found porous materials often provide relatively lower solar absorbance, which has been addressed by providing an extra layer of coating using nanomaterials [54][55][56] or chemical treatment [49,57,58] and carbonization of the materials. [36,55,[59][60][61] Among many natural porous materials, wood, [62][63][64][65][66][67][68] mushroom, [60,69] straw, [55] radish, [70,71] corncob, [72,73] bamboo, [47,51,74,75] lotus seedpods and leaf, [59,76] carrot, [77,78] sunflower head, [79,80] luffa sponge, [49,81,82] coconut husk, [83] rice husk, [84,85] etc. are the most commonly investigated natural porous materials for the ISSG-based system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Natural Porous Materials for Interfacial Solar Steam Generation toward Clean Water Production

et al. 2022

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Food along with water, clothes, and shelter has long been considered as basic necessities for human life. [1] However, the reality is that people all around the globe continue to have difficulties in fulfilling their fundamental survival requirements. Rising population, unplanned urbanization, climate change, global energy, and natural resource crises are exacerbating these issues. Despite the fact that water covers more than three-quarters of the Earth's surface, providing fresh water as a fundamental requirement in certain drought-prone areas remains a problem. [2,3] Reducing the conflict between demand and availability for fresh water has become a significant problem in recent decades. According to World Health Organization (WHO), a shortage of freshwater resources may impact half of the world's population in the near future. [4,5] As a result, reliance on nontraditional sources, that is, purification of saltwater, sewage, and industrial effluents, must be increased to ease pressure on conventional water sources. [6][7][8] However, excessive levels of germs and hard particles in water from nontraditional sources may induce illnesses such as typhoid, jaundice, cholera, dysentery, and others. [9] Nevertheless, identifying alternative freshwater sources and implementing sustainable techniques for reusing and recycling water from unconventional sources may be a viable way to address the worldwide problem of freshwater shortage.Recent research on the generation of freshwater has revealed that methods such as reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, thermal desalination, and multiple-effect distillation need a high consumption of fossil fuels, a substantial initial investment, and the emission of polluting gas. [10][11][12] Thus, an interfacial solar-driven steam generation (ISSG)-based system is always recommended as a good candidate for seawater desalination, sterilizing, and wastewater treatment owing to its sustainability, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, as well as ease of operation. In contrast to the natural water evaporation system, the ISSG-based system uses the heat localization method to heat only the portion of water which is associated with the airÀwater interface rather than the bulk water, substantially increasing the water evaporation rate. This technique utilizes the radiant heat from the sun with the assistance of photothermal energy conversion material, making it a promising sustainable solution to the water crisis. Furthermore, with proper design, heat loss can be minimized, allowing this technique to generate enough steam for water desalination, purification, and many other applications. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The selection of photothermal energy conversion materials for the ISSG mainly depends on the material's optical absorption spectra, photothermal conversion efficiency, sustainability, and duration of transmitting water to the heating surface (Figure 1). Researchers have investigated many naturally processed materials and nanoparticles (NPs) to design an efficient

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“…Industrialization and population growth have triggered a crisis of clean water scarcity. [ 1,2 ] Therefore, seawater desalination technology has been developed in countries rich in seawater resources. At present, seawater desalination technology includes solar steam generation, [ 3,4 ] reverse osmosis membrane, [ 5,6 ] and thermal [ 7 ] methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Self‐Floating Photothermal Conversion Devices with Solar Steam Generation Capability

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Zhu et al. [12] obtained the interfacial evaporation device by a twostep reaction. Chitosan aerogel was first prepared by freeze-drying and then carbonized at 300 °C to form a photothermal layer. Finally, the aerogel achieved high efficiency of 1.76 kg m −2 h −1 . Solar interfacial heating technology is used not only in seawater desalination but also in the clean water production of sewage. Yang et al. [13] used balsa wood as the substrate, while polydopamine (PDA) and Mxene as photothermal layers to achieve efficient steam production. Although photothermal devices obtain high steam efficiency, they lack an antipollution design. Li et al. [14] assembled a solar desalination unit consisting of three parts: an electroplated polypyrrole photothermal layer, a polyurethane sponge hydrophilic layer, and a polymer/SiO 2 chemically modified layer. The device can maintain stable efficiency even in the presence of hexadecane. Sewage discharged from chemical and textile plants contain not only organic solvents but also water-soluble dyes. How solar evaporation technology can maintain clean water production efficiency in a complex environment is a challenge.According to the composition, sewage can be divided into floating chemical reagents [15] and pollutants dissolved in water. [16] For selective removal of floating organic reagents, the surface of the material needs the opposite wettability to water and organic solvents. Inspired by non-wetting phenomena in nature, like dancing butterflies in the rain and lotus leaves, various superhydrophobic materials have been developed and applied to nano-generators, [17,18] leather industries, [19] highly sensitive sensors, [20] flexibility, [21] durability, [22] component recovery, [23] and selective organic solvent collection. [24] Lin et al. [25] synthesized sponge@covalent organic frameworks (COFs) elastomer with melamine sponge by using 1,3,5-tris(4aminophenyl)benzene and 2,5-divinylterephthalaldehyde as raw materials, realizing the selective adsorption of rapeseed oil and nitrobenzene without water adsorption based on its excellent superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. Through simple spraying and freeze-drying, Wang et al. [26] obtained multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings and aerogels, which not only acquired excellent stability but also realized selective removal of n-hexane and carbon tetrachloride organic solvents. Gong et al. [27] produced superhydrophobic/ superoleophilic fabric with polydopamine, SiO 2 , and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modification. The fabric can not only selectively adsorb n-hexane but also achieve the separation of Aiming to tackle water pollution from toxic and harmful substances and the lack of clean water, a multifunctional device is designed. The superhydrophobic fabric (M-fabric) is taken as the floating layer. The contact angle of the water droplet on the surface of the M-fabric is 160°, and the recovery of organic solvent can be realized by superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. The oil/ water separation efficiency is 97.7% ...

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High performance carbonized corncob-based 3D solar vapor steam generator enhanced by environmental energy

Cited by 76 publications

References 55 publications

Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

Natural Porous Materials for Interfacial Solar Steam Generation toward Clean Water Production

Design of Self‐Floating Photothermal Conversion Devices with Solar Steam Generation Capability

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