High performance blue quantum light-emitting diodes by attaching diffraction wrinkle patterns

Qi, Hui; Wang, Shujie; Li, Chenguang; Zhao, Yiran; Xu, Bo; Jiang, Xiaohong; Fang, Yan; Wang, Aqiang; Shen, Huaibin; Du, Zuliang

doi:10.1039/d1nr00082a

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The optical microscopic image (100×) of these isolated bumps demonstrates uniform dimension (Figure 1e), and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image (inset of Figure 1e) reveals the submicron‐sized bump (788 nm). Furthermore, the atomic force microscope (AFM) measurement shows a bump strain height of over 100 nm (Figure 1f), meeting the requirements of various surface micro/nanostructures for practical applications such as superhydrophobic surfaces, [ 23–25 ] light‐emitting diodes, [ 26–29 ] microfluidic devices, [ 30 ] solar cells, [ 31–33 ] etc. More importantly, these characterizations indicate that all isolated bumps maintain uniform size and spacing without any secondary structures and unordered wrinkles surrounding them, demonstrating the desirable isolated bump strain structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Electron‐Beam‐Assisted Laser‐Induced Strain Microfabrication

Chen

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Converting the unordered wrinkles generated on a bilayer film into controllable strain microstructures is a focal point of research. However, many existing methods are hindered by their inability to achieve microscale stress fields that align with the designed structure, consequently limiting the manufacturing of desirable microstructures. In recent years, laser‐induced strain micro/nanostructure fabrication has emerged as a promising technique due to its advantages, including simple processing, cost‐effectiveness, high efficiency, and large‐area fabrication. Nevertheless, this technique is limited to fabricating specific periodic structures, thereby constraining its manufacturing capacities. Here, a novel laser‐induced strain strategy assisted by electron beam irradiation is proposed, which successfully eliminates secondary structures and unordered wrinkles, realizing the fabrication of arbitrary micro/nanostructures with consistency between design and fabrication. Furthermore, the generation mechanisms of these strain structures are elucidated by a combination of simulations and experiments. The method transcends the limitations stemming from intrinsic wavelength of wrinkles, enabling the fabrication of isolated strain structures. The diverse structures achieved through the approach demonstrate the designability, controllability, and universality of the novel laser‐induced strain strategy, establishing it as a reliable method for surface micro/nanostructure fabrication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Electron‐Beam‐Assisted Laser‐Induced Strain Microfabrication

Chen

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Herein, the wrinkle pattern was fabricated by the evaporation of Al layer on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, [ 16 ] in order to make the wrinkle pattern having high extraction efficiency for blue emission; the optimal thickness of Al layer evaporated on PDMS was found to be 100 nm. [ 14 ] The soft imprinting method, using vacuum assisted UV curing, can directly transfer the wrinkle pattern to the photoresist layer avoiding gaps between stamp and photoresist (Figure S4, Supporting Information). Compared with the previous manufacturing process, this method is simple and cost‐effective in fabrication and suitable for large‐area roll‐to‐roll printing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different external wrinkle structures have been designed to improve the light extraction of monochromatic QLED. [ 14 ] To date, the influence of external wrinkle structure on the performance of W‐QLEDs is rarely studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous Outcoupling of Tri‐Colored Light for Ultra‐Bright White Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes by Using External Wrinkle Pattern

Wang

Huang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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The brightness of white quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (W‐QLEDs) is one of the most important indicators for their commercialization. However, the brightness of W‐QLEDs is severely limited by the light trapped in the substrate mode. In this work, a prototype W‐QLED with the original brightness of 88 181 cd m−2 is fabricated by using a mixture of red‐, green‐, and blue‐emitting quantum dots as a light emitting layer. Then, a tailored wrinkle pattern is attached on the bottom of the glass substrate of W‐QLEDs for the further light extraction. Different from the widely used external periodic patterns, the wrinkle patterns with richer Fourier spectra can outcouple the tricolor light trapped in the substrate mode simultaneously. In this case, the brightness of W‐QLEDs has a 54.4% enhancement to an ultra‐high value 136 207 cd m−2, and realizes the quasi‐Lambertian emission. The external quantum efficiency is improved from 9.68% to 13.41%. Meanwhile, correlated color‐temperature can cover a wider span transforming from pure white light (5115 K) to cold white light (6912 K). This work proposes a unique and efficient approach for the light extraction and color control of W‐QLEDs for their real application.

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“…[1][2][3][4] The unique instability behaviors of these materials reveal notable intrinsic structural features such as a high surface area to volume ratios, periodicities, and compatibilities. [5] Due to these advantages, the study of wrinkles has gained great interest in various DOI: 10.1002/adom.202300279 research fields, such as stretchable devices, [6] optics, [7] and anticounterfeiting. [8] In this context, the main strategy is to mimic the structure of the skin based on the inhomogeneity of a bilayer film under external stimuli such as mechanical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Wrinkle Micro‐Nanoarchitectonics by Patterned Surface Material Properties for Transformative Structural Coloration

Park

Jeong

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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When an external stimulus is used to generate nanoscale wrinkles on the ductile top surface of a multilayered substrate, the geometrical and optical features are known to be controlled by the material and structural properties of the laminated film. Herein, a thin tri‐layer film is fabricated that can generate various wrinkles on transparent and flexible films in the presence of external mechanical bending. In particular, the wavelength of the wrinkles is shown to be controllable on the tens of nanometers scale by modulating the material properties of each layer. This active modulation plays a critical role in determining the resulting structural color spectra. In other words, the wrinkles function as a diffraction grating so that the film displays bright structural colors under bending conditions. After the bending stress is released, the wrinkles disappear, and the film returns to its transparent state. Finally, the remarkable potential of the material and structural patterning technique is demonstrated for structural coloration applications such as multimodal displays and novel barcode‐based anti‐counterfeiting.

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High performance blue quantum light-emitting diodes by attaching diffraction wrinkle patterns

Abstract: High-efﬁcient blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are still challenging to make an application in displays and solid-state lighting. Enhancing light outcoupling is one of the most effective methods to improve...

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Electron‐Beam‐Assisted Laser‐Induced Strain Microfabrication

Electron‐Beam‐Assisted Laser‐Induced Strain Microfabrication

Synchronous Outcoupling of Tri‐Colored Light for Ultra‐Bright White Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes by Using External Wrinkle Pattern

Multimodal Wrinkle Micro‐Nanoarchitectonics by Patterned Surface Material Properties for Transformative Structural Coloration

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