High performance black-to-transmissive electrochromic device with panchromatic absorption based on TiO2-supported viologen and triphenylamine derivatives

Weng, Duo; Shi, Yuchen; Zheng, Jianming; Xu, Chunye

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2016.04.028

Cited by 64 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recently, most of the ECMs with high contrast have been reported based on conducting polymers, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] with only a minor amount of studies using small molecules 22,23 or metallo-supramolecular polymers. 24 Although there are many research groups dedicated to this research area, so far, a ΔL* of 460 over the whole visible spectrum has not been obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly transparent to truly black electrochromic devices based on an ambipolar system of polyamides and viologen

et al. 2017

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A novel electrochromic device (ECD) based on an electroactive ambipolar system was constructed and designed through an absorption-complementary approach. The system consisted of electroactive polyamides (PAs) with N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-pphenylenediamine (TPPA) and tetraphenylbenzidine (TPB) units in the backbone and heptyl viologen (HV) in the supporting electrolyte. Each of the electrochromic materials (ECMs), including TPPA-PA, TPB-PA and HV, provided one of the three primary colors that merged into a black color. Because of the suitable counter electrode materials used in this study, the overall operating voltage was effectively reduced; thus, the electrochemical stability and lifetime of the ECD were greatly enhanced. Furthermore, the whole system was completely transparent in its neutral or bleaching state, and the transmittance was reduced to only 6% in the colored state in both the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions. The ECD demonstrated a high L* change (ΔL*) of 81 and a significant transmittance change (ΔT) of 60% in the visible region. Thus, through the excellent combination of the electrochromic and ambipolar characteristics of the system, a genuine 'highly transparent to truly black' ECD was successfully fabricated, implying the great potential of this device as a shutter in transparent displays and related devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly transparent to truly black electrochromic devices based on an ambipolar system of polyamides and viologen

et al. 2017

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“…On the one hand, combining EC materials displaying different colored states in the same device has been demonstrated to provide more neutral colored states than those comprising single-EC material when their contributions occur in the same range of redox potentials. Thus, using bluish- and green-colored EC materials may provide the required grayish-colored state [ 163 ], as already reported for complex device architectures (e.g., multilayer [ 164 , 165 ] or multielectrode [ 166 ]) based on conducting polymers [ 166 ] or small organic molecules (e.g., viologens [ 163 , 164 ] and/or triphenylamine [ 165 ]). Following this approach but using all-in-one ECDs, Kao et al recently reported neutral color panchromatic systems based on the combination of aryl-substituted green-colored viologen (i.e., phenyl viologen dichloride, Figure 11 aI) and alkyl-substituted blue-colored viologen (i.e., vinyl benzyl viologen tetrafluoroborate used as EC material and cross-linker, Figure 11 aII) in thermally cured gel-type ECDs [ 64 ].…”

Section: All-in-one Gel-based Ec Systems Comprising More Than One mentioning

confidence: 94%

All-in-One Gel-Based Electrochromic Devices: Strengths and Recent Developments

et al. 2018

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Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have aroused great interest because of their potential applicability in displays and smart systems, including windows, rearview mirrors, and helmet visors. In the last decades, different device structures and materials have been proposed to meet the requirements of commercial applications to boost market entry. To this end, employing simple device architectures and achieving a competitive electrolyte are crucial to accomplish easily implementable, high-performance ECDs. The present review outlines devices comprising gel electrolytes as a single electroactive layer (“all-in-one”) ECD architecture, highlighting some advantages and opportunities they offer over other electrochromic systems. In this context, gel electrolytes not only overcome the drawbacks of liquid and solid electrolytes, such as liquid’s low chemical stability and risk of leaking and soil’s slow switching and lack of transparency, but also exhibit further strengths. These include easier processability, suitability for flexible substrates, and improved stabilization of the chemical species involved in redox processes, leading to better cyclability and opening wide possibilities to extend the electrochromic color palette, as discussed herein. Finally, conclusions and outlook are provided.

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“…However, there are a few studies about small molecules/inorganic composites in EC applications. Recently, an electrochromic device (ECD) assembled with a TiO 2 ‐supported TPA derivative and viologen could achieve panchromatic absorptions by Xu et al, which demonstrated that the TiO 2 ‐supported structure effectively facilitates electron transfers between the fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) glass‐TiO 2 layer and the EC materials …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication of Triphenylamine‐Based Redox‐Active Nanocomposites by a Sol‐Gel Method: Enhanced Electrochromic Response Capability and Stability Performance

Fan

Chen

Liou

2019

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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In this research, a new design of organic‐inorganic hybrid networks involving covalently bonding, novel, electron‐donating triphenylamine (TPA)‐containing electroactive molecules to inorganic metal oxides is successfully developed by using a facile sol‐gel process. These anodically electrochromic TPA‐containing materials exhibit multicolor electrochromic behaviors at various oxidation states. By introducing zirconium oxide into electrochromic materials, not only can an excellent optical transparency in the visible light region at a neutral state be achieved given the nature of the large energy bandgap, but the electrochromic switching can also be driven by a lower oxidation potential with an enhanced response capability (shorter coloring times and bleaching times). Moreover, the hybrid films show outstanding electrochemical stability and high reversibility under long‐term operations owing to their good adhesion to the electrode. Consequently, the electrochromic devices derived from these novel hybrid electroactive materials reveal a huge potential for electrochromic applications.

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High performance black-to-transmissive electrochromic device with panchromatic absorption based on TiO2-supported viologen and triphenylamine derivatives

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Highly transparent to truly black electrochromic devices based on an ambipolar system of polyamides and viologen

Highly transparent to truly black electrochromic devices based on an ambipolar system of polyamides and viologen

All-in-One Gel-Based Electrochromic Devices: Strengths and Recent Developments

Facile Fabrication of Triphenylamine‐Based Redox‐Active Nanocomposites by a Sol‐Gel Method: Enhanced Electrochromic Response Capability and Stability Performance

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