High-Performance and Hysteresis-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Rare-Earth-Doped SnO ₂ Mesoporous Scaffold

Abstract

<jats:p>Tin oxide (SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), as electron transport material to substitute titanium oxide (TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), has aroused wide interests. However, the performance of the PSCs based on SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is still hard to compete with the TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-based devices. Herein, a novel strategy is designed to enhance the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of PSCs by integrating rare-earth ions Ln<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> (Sc<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>, Y<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>, La<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>) with SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanospheres as mesoporous scaffold. The doping of Ln promotes the formation of dense and large-sized perovskite crystals, which facilitate interfacial contact of electron transport layer/perovskite layer and improve charge transport dynamics. Ln dopant optimizes the energy level of perovskite layer, reduces the charge transport resistance, and mitigates the trap state density. As a result, the optimized mesoporous PSC achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.63% without hysteresis, while the undoped PSC obtains an efficiency of 19.01%. The investigation demonstrates that the rare-earth doping is low-cost and effective method to improve the photovoltaic performance of SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-based PSCs.</jats:p>

Additive Engineering by Bifunctional Guanidine Sulfamate for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskites Solar Cells

“…The perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on lead amine halide are particularly distinctive in various photovoltaic technologies due to its unique characteristics, [ 1–4 ] such as low‐cost manufacturing technology, [ 5,6 ] adjustable band gap, [ 7 ] high absorption factor, [ 8,9 ] and low exciton binding energy. [ 10,11 ] The prominent performance of PSC has rapidly increased its certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% [ 12 ] in 2009 to 25.2% at present, [ 13 ] which have aroused enormous concern by industry and academia.…”

Manipulating SnO2 Growth for Efficient Electron Transport in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…To investigate the chemical composition of the TiAcAc‐doped SnO 2 film, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed. As shown in core energy level spectra of Sn 3d ( Figure a), two characteristic peaks at 486.8 and 495.2 eV corresponding to Sn 3d 5/2 and Sn 3d 3/2 states of Sn 4+[ 15,26 ] were observed in the pristine SnO 2 film, which were retained and no clear shift was noticed (Figure 2a) after the incorporation of TiAcAc. In addition, two additional peaks at 464.4 and 458.5 eV for Ti 2p 1/2 and Ti 2p 3/2 , [ 27 ] respectively, appeared in the sample of SnO 2 ‐TiAcAc (Figure 2b), indicating that the presence of Ti 4+ had ignorable influence on the electronic state of Sn 4+ .…”

Efficient and Stable Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cells with Inorganic Perovskite/Carbon Quantum Dot-Graded Heterojunction

“…Long-term stability is another momentous metrics for the practical application of PSCs [ 56 ]. To estimate long-term stability of the carbon electrode-based CsPbI 2.5 Br 0.5 perovskite/FCQDs GHJ PSCs, the unencapsulated CsPbI 2.5 Br 0.5 devices (control) and CsPbI 2.5 Br 0.5 /FCQDs GHJ devices were measured under 85°C thermal-aging condition in argon-filled glove box.…”