High-performance and cost-effective membrane electrode assemblies for advanced proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers: Long-term durability assessment

Mirshekari, Gholamreza; Ouimet, Ryan J.; Zeng, Zhiqiao; Yu, Haoran; Bliznakov, Stoyan; Bonville, Leonard J.; Niedzwiecki, Allison; Capuano, Chris; Ayers, Katherine E.; Marić, Radenka

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.112

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Figure 5 shows the surface morphology of the anode catalyst layer (Ir catalyst mixed with Nafion™ ionomer) and the cathode catalyst layer (Pt/C catalyst mixed with Nafion™ ionomer). The surface of the catalyst layer showed a cauliflower morphology, typical for this kind of membranes in which the surface is coated with a metal catalyst [38] (Figure 5A,C). The cross-section of the membrane shows a thickness of about 179 µm for the Nafion™ 117 polymeric layer, and a few microns for the iridium and platinum catalyst layers (Figure 5B).…”

Section: Chemical and Morphological Characterization Of Pemmentioning

confidence: 91%

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Esposito

Minotti²,

Fontananova

et al. 2021

Membranes

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Low-temperature electrolysis by using polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) can play an important role in hydrogen energy transition. This work presents a study on the performance of a proton exchange membrane in the water electrolysis process at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. In the perspective of applications that need a device with small volume and low weight, a miniaturized electrolysis cell with a 36 cm2 active area of PEM over a total surface area of 76 cm2 of the device was used. H2 and O2 production rates, electrical power, energy efficiency, Faradaic efficiency and polarization curves were determined for all experiments. The effects of different parameters such as clamping pressure and materials of the electrodes on polarization phenomena were studied. The PEM used was a catalyst-coated membrane (Ir-Pt-Nafion™ 117 CCM). The maximum H2 production was about 0.02 g min−1 with a current density of 1.1 A cm−2 and a current power about 280 W. Clamping pressure and the type of electrode materials strongly influence the activation and ohmic polarization phenomena. High clamping pressure and electrodes in titanium compared to carbon electrodes improve the cell performance, and this results in lower ohmic and activation resistances.

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Section: Chemical and Morphological Characterization Of Pemmentioning

confidence: 91%

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Esposito

Minotti²,

Fontananova

et al. 2021

Membranes

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“…212 Recently, promising membrane electrode assemblies with 1 order of magnitude lower metal loadings were reported with excellent activity and durability. 213 The present discussion of the reaction mechanism for the OER over single-crystalline RuO 2 (110) and IrO 2 (110) model anodes should have disclosed that these scientific questions have not been settled. In particular, the rate-determining step is not identified.…”

Section: Outlook and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, a detailed feasibility study indicates that this view may be too simplistic . Recently, promising membrane electrode assemblies with 1 order of magnitude lower metal loadings were reported with excellent activity and durability …”

Section: Outlook and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Studies of Planar Single-Crystalline Oxide Model Electrodes (RuO₂, IrO₂) for Acidic Water Splitting

Over

2021

ACS Catal.

143

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Electrocatalytic water splitting allows storing excess energy from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar in chemical bonds of hydrogen molecules. So far, only polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers under acidic conditions can cope with the intermittent supply of energy, requiring, however, noble metals at the cathode for the hydrogen (HER) and precious metal oxides at the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Prototypical oxides for the OER under acidic conditions are RuO2 and IrO2 that can meet the stringent requirements for long-term stability and high electrocatalytic activity. While RuO2 is substantially more active than IrO2, RuO2 is significantly less stable than IrO2 due to corrosion under OER conditions. Our microscopic understanding of the underlying processes of corrosion is, however, surprisingly poor, while the rate-determining steps in the OER over RuO2 and IrO2 are still under debate. In this perspective, I will be focusing on the discussion of the electrochemical degradation of ultrathin single-crystalline RuO2(110) and IrO2(110) films in the potential regions of both OER and HER. The single crystallinity of the model electrodes allows for identifying structure–property relationships and for a tight connection to theory. Since stability and activity in the OER are reported to be intimately coupled, I will also include a critical review of our present knowledge on the microscopic steps in the OER on RuO2 and IrO2, both from theory and experiments. Ultimately, from these atomic scale insights, the inherent material properties may be uncovered which underlie the observed electrochemical stability and activity of IrO2 and RuO2. It is the hope that these fundamental insights will aid the search for alternative more abundant electrode material systems for acidic water electrolyzers.

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“…In addition to the abovementioned traditional assembly method, numerous advanced fabrication methods, including roll-to-roll (R2R), vapor-based processes, and slot dies, have been developed to decrease the loading of catalysts and enhance the utilization efficiency of catalysts. [126][127][128] R2R manufacturing is a full automatic strategy that can continuously offer high throughput and effectively enhance the interfacial interaction ). Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Design Strategy and Membrane Electrode Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Components and Design Strategy for a Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Small Structures

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As the most attractive energy carrier, hydrogen production through electrochemical water splitting (EWS) is promising for resolving the serious environmental problems derived from the rapid consumption of fossil fuels globally. The proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) is one of the most promising EWS technologies and has achieved great advancements. To offer a timely reference for the progress of the PEMWE system, the latest advancements and developments of PEMWE technology are systematically reviewed. The key components, including the electrocatalysts, PEM, and porous transport layer (PTL) as well as bipolar plate (BPP), are first introduced and discussed, followed by the membrane electrode assembly and cell design. The highlights are put on the design of the electrocatalyst and the relationship of each component on the performance of the PEMWE. Moreover, the current challenges and future perspectives for the development of PEMWE are also discussed. There is a hope that this review can provide a timely reference for future directions in PEMWE challenges and perspectives.

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High-performance and cost-effective membrane electrode assemblies for advanced proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers: Long-term durability assessment

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Fundamental Studies of Planar Single-Crystalline Oxide Model Electrodes (RuO₂, IrO₂) for Acidic Water Splitting

Key Components and Design Strategy for a Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

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High-performance and cost-effective membrane electrode assemblies for advanced proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers: Long-term durability assessment

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Green H2 Production by Water Electrolysis Using Cation Exchange Membrane: Insights on Activation and Ohmic Polarization Phenomena

Fundamental Studies of Planar Single-Crystalline Oxide Model Electrodes (RuO2, IrO2) for Acidic Water Splitting

Key Components and Design Strategy for a Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

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Fundamental Studies of Planar Single-Crystalline Oxide Model Electrodes (RuO₂, IrO₂) for Acidic Water Splitting