High-Performance and Broadband Flexible Photodetectors Employing Multicomponent Alloyed 1D CdS_xSe_1–x Micro-Nanostructures

Abstract

Low-cost multicomponent alloyed one-dimensional (1D) semiconductors exhibit broadband absorption from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime, which has attracted a great deal of interest in high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices. Here, we report the facile one-step fabrication of high-performance broadband rigid and flexible photodevices based on multicomponent alloyed 1D cadmium–sulfur–selenide (CdS x Se1–x ) micro-nanostructures obtained via a vapor transport route. Photoresponse measurements have demonstrated their superior spectral photoresponsivity (5.8 × 104 A/W), several orders of magnitude higher than the pristine CdSe nanobelt photodevice, high specific detectivity (2 × 1015 Jones), photogain (1.2 × 105), external quantum efficiency (EQE, 1.4 × 107%), rapid response speed (13 ms), and excellent long-term environmental stability. The multicomponent alloyed CdS x Se1–x nanobelt photodevice demonstrated about three times higher photocurrent as well as can operate under multiple color illuminations (200–800 nm) and at a high applied bias of 10 V with the photoresponsivity and EQE being boosted to 4.34 × 105 A/W and 8.96 × 107%, respectively. Furthermore, multicomponent alloyed CdS x Se1–x nanobelt flexible photodevices show excellent mechanical and flexural photostabilities with identical photoresponse as rigid nanodevices. The improvement mechanism found in the present research can be exploited to lead to the design of high-performance flexible photodevices comprising other multicomponent nanomaterials.

Synergistic Effect of Hybrid CdSe Nanobelt/PbI2 Flake Heterojunction Toward Drastic Performance Flexible Photodetectors

“…This phenomenon can be attributed to the smaller bandgap of bare CdSe ( E g = 1.74 eV) as compared to the bandgap of pristine PbI 2 ( E g = 2.36 eV), thus the photoresponse range of the 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake hybrid heterojunction photodetector is enlarged marginally and the peak value shows blue shift . This phenomenon is very common and can be seen in previous hybrid heterojunction-based photodetectors. , Notably, the spectral photoresponsivity of the present 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake hybrid heterojunction photodetector is several times higher than the individual bare PbI 2 flake and CdSe nanobelt photodetectors, as depicted in Figure a and Figure S4a, b.…”

“…To further clarify the spectral response range variation of the 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake heterojunction device, the spectral responsivities of three photodetectors made of bare 2D PbI 2 flake, pristine CdSe nanobelt, and 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake heterojunction under varied wavelengths in the range of 200 to 800 nm at an applied bias of 5 V were measured, as depicted in Figure a. The spectral responsivity can be calculated by using the mathematical formula: R = Δ I P S = I photo − I dark P S where I photo and I dark are the photo- and dark currents, respectively. The incident illumination power and the uncovered part of the hybrid heterojunction photodetector, which is illuminated by the monochromatic light during the testing procedure, are represented by P and S , respectively.…”

“…The rise/decay time comparison of the present 1D/2D hybrid heterojunction device with other available mixed-dimensional heterostructure photodetectors is revealed in Figure k. ,− In particular, the sensitivity ( P s (%)) is also one of the essential figure of merit to determine the device performance. Mathematically, the sensitivity can be estimated by using the given equation: P s = Δ I I dark 100 % = I photo − I dark I dark 100 % The obtained sensitivity (%) of the 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake hybrid heterojunction photodetector was about ∼5.97 × 10 5 % and ∼5.95 × 10 5 %, when the device was irradiated with 500 and 580 nm wavelength light under 0.01 mW cm –2 at bias of 5 V, respectively. Similar to the spectral responsivity, it is obvious that the sensitivity (%) of the 1D CdSe nanobelt/2D PbI 2 flake hybrid heterojunction photodetector is superior to the bare PbI 2 flake and CdSe nanobelt photodetectors.…”

Coaxial SnS2/SnS Nanostructures on the Ag Fiber Substrate for Flexible Self-Powered Photodetectors

“…High-performance, photosensing devices based on photoconductive, photovoltaic effects have attracted diverse applications in the field of imaging, optical fiber communication, biosensors, etc. One-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructure-based photodetectors have acquired increasing interest owing to their superior absorption properties, large surface-to-volume ratio, and enhanced photoresponsivity. , However, traditional photodetectors exhibit a trade-off between superior performance and mechanical stability . Conventionally, flexible photodetectors are majorly developed using polymer substrates or cellulose microfibers (paper).…”

Highly‐Bendable MoS2/SnS Flexible Photodetector with Broadband Infrared Response

“…Contrary to electronics on rigid substrates, flexible counterparts show enormously promising advantages, such as mobile‐friendly, bendable, stretchable, low‐cost, as well as seamless heterogeneous integration, which can provide a variety of possibilities for the next‐generation electronic and photoelectric devices with multifunction, flexibility, and miniaturization. [ 11–15 ] For example, ultrathin flexible electrode arrays could be installed on epidermis [ 16 ] or organ surfaces [ 17 ] for real‐time monitoring of human health that cannot be realized by traditional rigid electronic devices. Thus, new functional materials of flexible electronics that not only meet the demand of high performance but also have good stability and durability under reiterative bending, folding, or stretching are urgently pursued.…”