High Oxidation Desulfurization of Fuels Catalyzed by Vanadium-Substituted Phosphomolybdate@Polyaniline@Chitosan as an Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Nanocatalyst

Abstract

From the environmental protection and human health perspectives, the design and synthesis of efficient and reusable oxidative desulfurization nanocatalysts has always been sought after by scientists and industries. In this regard, a new heterogeneous nanocatalyst (V-SPM@PANI@CH) was synthesized by immobilizing Keggin-type vanadium-substituted phosphomolybdate ([PVMo 11 O 39 ] 4− ) (named V-SPM) clusters on the surface of polyaniline (PANI) and chitosan (CH) polymers. The features of the assembled nanocatalyst were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet−visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques in detail. The XRD studies indicated that the average crystallite size of V-SPM@ PANI@CH was estimated to be about 36 nm. The catalytic performance of V-SPM@PANI@CH was investigated in the extractive and catalytic oxidation desulfurization (ECOD) procedure of real and thiophenic model gasoline by H 2 O 2 /AcOH (volume proportion of 2:1) as an oxidizing system. The optimal desulfurization conditions for ECOD reactions were as follows: 50 mL of model/real gasoline, 0.1 g of V-SPM@PANI@CH, reaction time of 60 min, and reaction temperature of 35 °C. Under the experimental conditions outlined above and the designed ECOD system, the content of sulfur in real gasoline could decline from 0.4985 to 0.0193 wt %, which corresponds to an efficiency of 96%. Moreover, the removal percentage of aromatic hydrocarbons, including thiophene (Th), benzothiophene (BT), and di-benzothiophene (DBT) as model fuels decreases in the order of DBT ≥ BT > Th under identical operating conditions. High catalytic activity was maintained with only a slight loss during five cycles. This work offers the ECOD system (V-SPM@PANI@CH/AcOH/H 2 O 2 ) for the desulfurization of liquid fuels, which had a great repercussion on the ECOD efficiency.

Design of a new nanocomposite based on Keggin-type [ZnW12O40]6− anionic cluster anchored on NiZn2O4 ceramics as a promising material towards the electrocatalytic hydrogen storage

“…Furthermore, the absorption bands positioned at 3430 and 1634 cm −1 are associated with the bending and stretching vibrations of H–O–H molecules, respectively. It is worth noting that the absorption of air moisture during the preparation of sample pellets is the cause of these phenomena 29 . These observations have thus provided valuable evidence concerning the influence of hydration on the structure of matter.…”

Zr-Based Metal–Organic Framework (UiO-66) Doped with Rare-Earth Element (La, Y)-Supported Polyoxometalate Liquid for Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Oxidation

“…It is known that the components in real diesel fuel are complex with many different types of sulfur-containing compounds. Therefore, the removal of sulfides from real diesel fuel is a major challenge . The desulfurization performance of the [C 12 mim] 3 PW 12 O 40 /La-UiO-66 catalyst was further evaluated by a desulfurization reaction with real diesel fuel.…”

“…Therefore, the removal of sulfides from real diesel fuel is a major challenge. 77 The desulfurization performance of the [C 12 mim] 3 PW 12 O 40 /La-UiO-66 catalyst was further evaluated by a desulfurization reaction with real diesel fuel. The test conditions were as follows: O/S = 5, m cat = 0.1 g, V oil = 10 mL (V n-octane :V oil = 9:1), T = 60 °C.…”

Anticancer Drug Extraction from Plasma Samples Using Three-Dimensional Polyoxometalate-Based Supramolecular Frameworks as Sorbents

“…Currently, one promising approach for designing such functionalized materials has been proposed, wherein the coordination properties of POMs are combined with various metal–organic coordination compounds to produce crystalline inorganic–organic hybrid structures based on POMs. , In the resulting high-dimensional supramolecular networks or metal–organic frameworks (MOF), POMs are either coordinated to oxophilic metal centers through metal–oxygen coordination bonds or connected as an anionic template via noncovalent interactions. POMs made from inorganic–organic hybrid materials combine the advantages of inorganic POMs with the capabilities of metal–organic elements which make them more valuable for many promising potential applications. − In fact, during the synthesis of these hybrids, it was difficult to control and predict the nuclearity and dimensionality of the resultant architectures. In this regard, the reactants (POMs, metal ions, and organic ligands) must be carefully chosen when constructing inorganic–organic hybrids based on POMs.…”