High- or moderate-intensity training promotes change in cardiorespiratory fitness, but not visceral fat, in obese men: A randomised trial of equal energy expenditure exercise

Gerosa-Neto, José; Panissa, Valéria Leme Gonçalves; Monteiro, Paula Alves; Inoue, Daniela Sayuri; Ribeiro, José Procópio Jabur; Figueiredo, Caique; Zagatto, Alessandro Moura; Little, Jonathan P.; Lira, Fábio Santos

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2019.05.009

Cited by 34 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our results showing improved CRF and insulin sensitivity in mice trained under a HIIT protocol are in accordance with previous evidence in humans (17)(18)(19). Surprisingly, here we show that treatment with exosomes isolated from trained mice is able to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in sedentary mice to a level similar to that of exercise itself.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Recently, several studies have found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT), an exercise modality involving brief bouts of intense activity followed by periods of recovery, can elicit similar metabolic adaptations to classical endurance exercise training in humans (17). HIIT can improve CRF (18), glycemic control (19), and insulin sensitivity (17), all of them potential risk factors for the development of metabolic disease. The fact that exosomal miRNAs have been shown to respond differently as a function of the exercise modality and intensity, coupled with the lack of characterization of the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of HIIT prompted us to investigate the role of exosomes in the context of the metabolic response to HIIT.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Delivery of muscle-derived exosomal miRNAs induced by HIIT improves insulin sensitivity through down-regulation of hepatic FoxO1 in mice

Castaño

Mirasierra

Vallejo

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Implementation of regular physical activity helps in the maintenance of a healthy metabolic profile both in humans and mice through molecular mechanisms not yet completely defined. Here, we show that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) modifies the microRNA (miRNA) profile of circulating exosomes in mice, including significant increases inmiR-133aandmiR-133b. Importantly, treatment of sedentary mice with exosomes isolated from the plasma of trained mice improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and decreases plasma levels of triglycerides. Moreover, exosomes isolated from the muscle of trained mice display similar changes in miRNA content, and their administration to sedentary mice reproduces the improvement of glucose tolerance. Exosomal miRNAs up-regulated by HIIT target insulin-regulated transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and, accordingly, expression ofFoxO1is decreased in the liver of trained and exosome-treated mice. Treatment with exosomes transfected with amiR-133bmimic or with a specific siRNA targetingFoxO1recapitulates the metabolic effects observed in trained mice. Overall, our data suggest that circulating exosomes released by the muscle carry a specific miRNA signature that is modified by exercise and induce expression changes in the liver that impact whole-body metabolic profile.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of muscle-derived exosomal miRNAs induced by HIIT improves insulin sensitivity through down-regulation of hepatic FoxO1 in mice

Castaño

Mirasierra

Vallejo

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The estimation of energy expenditure was assessed and applied to make the workload equalization between MICT and HIIT groups and allow an appropriate comparison of results. The protocol to determine the energy expenditure of the exercise session (EE/session) is detailed in Gerosa-Neto et al 18 . Participants of both groups had no statistical difference in EE/session, and considered as isoenergetic aerobic training.…”

Section: Aerobic Fitness Assessment Participants Performed An Incremmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, EE/session should be considered since its parameter is related to immunometabolic management 16 including concentrations of BDNF 17 . The using of EE/session could be efficient for workload equalization when intending to compare different intensities of exercise, especially in weight loss programs 11,18 , making the results more reliable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acute increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor following high or moderate-intensity exercise is accompanied with better cognition performance in obese adults

Inoue

Monteiro

Gerosa-Neto

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was to test if different intensities of aerobic exercise could influence abdominal fat, isoforms of BDNF and executive function. Twenty obese men (30.0 ± 5.4 years old; 34.4 ± 3.5 kg/m 2) were randomized to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT, n = 10) and high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT, n = 10) three times a week for 6 weeks, with isoenergetic energetic expenditure for each exercise session (~ 300 kcal) between conditions. Abdominal fat was assessed pre-and post-intervention; executive function (Coding subtest from BETA-III non-verbal intelligence test and Stroop color and Word test), concentrations of mBDnf and proBDnf were assessed in response to acute exercise pre-and post-intervention. Abdominal fat did not change in either group. There was a significant increase in mBDNF immediately after acute exercise in both groups before and after intervention. proBDNF did not present changes acutely nor after 6 weeks. Executive function presented a main effect of time at pre-and post-intervention time-points Stroop Word and Stroop color and coding subtest presented improved performance from pre-to post-acute exercise session, in both groups. in conclusion, executive function improvements and acute exercise session-induced increases in mBDnf concentration were found from pre-to post-exercise intervention similarly between Mict and Hiit in obese men. There is evidence of an association between augmented abdominal adiposity and lower cognitive function, and it seems that one link between these two parameters is through immunometabolic alterations provoked by proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), released from adipose tissue 1-3. Aspects of cognition, such as executive function, which includes working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility 2, 4, 5 , can be affected by the size of visceral fat 1 and metabolic dysfunction 3, 6 , which are very common conditions in subjects with obesity. In this context, both abdominal fat and cognitive impairments seem to be associated with lower concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 2, 7 , an important pleiotropic protein directly related to neuron health and brain function 4 .

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“…As the present review did not examine EE through exercise, the outcomes raised are only related to EPOC, and it is important to note that greater EPOC values do not necessarily represent greater EE within a given training session (exercise plus EPOC). Furthermore, some studies did not compute energy from anaerobic sources in high‐intensity protocols, which may have underestimated total EE, 42,43 particularly following SIE protocols that present a high anaerobic demand 44,45 . Past investigations have demonstrated that when volume (e.g., distance covered or work done) is matched, EE during HIIE may be greater than MICE 46,47 ; however, the contrary may also occur, whereby similar EE values are potentially representative of lower training volume during HIIE 42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and duration of excess of post‐exercise oxygen consumption between high‐intensity interval and moderate‐intensity continuous exercise: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Summary The present systematic review examined the effect of exercise intensity (high‐intensity interval exercise [HIIE] vs. moderate‐intensity continuous exercise [MICE] vs. sprint interval exercise [SIE]) on excess post‐exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). Twenty‐two studies were included in the final evaluation. The retrieved investigations were split into studies that analysed short‐duration (until 3 h) and long‐duration (more than 3 h) EPOC. Studies that subtracted the baseline energy expenditure (EE) were analysed separately from those that did not. Most short‐duration evaluations that subtracted baseline EE reported higher EPOC for HIIE (average of ~136 kJ) compared with MICE (average of ~101 kJ) and higher values for SIE (average of ~241 kJ) compared with MICE (average of ~151 kJ). The long‐duration evaluations resulted in greater EPOC for HIIE (average of ~289 kJ) compared with MICE (average of ~159 kJ), while no studies comparing SIE versus MICE provided appropriate values. EE from EPOC seems to be greater following HIIE and SIE compared with MICE, and long‐duration evaluations seem to present higher values than short‐duration evaluations. Additionally, more standardized methodologies are needed in order to determine the effective EPOC time following these protocols.

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High- or moderate-intensity training promotes change in cardiorespiratory fitness, but not visceral fat, in obese men: A randomised trial of equal energy expenditure exercise

Cited by 34 publications

References 25 publications

Delivery of muscle-derived exosomal miRNAs induced by HIIT improves insulin sensitivity through down-regulation of hepatic FoxO1 in mice

Delivery of muscle-derived exosomal miRNAs induced by HIIT improves insulin sensitivity through down-regulation of hepatic FoxO1 in mice

Acute increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor following high or moderate-intensity exercise is accompanied with better cognition performance in obese adults

Magnitude and duration of excess of post‐exercise oxygen consumption between high‐intensity interval and moderate‐intensity continuous exercise: A systematic review

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