High-normal blood pressure (prehypertension) is associated with PM2.5 exposure in young adults

Ye, Huaze; Tang, Jie; Luo, Leiqin; Yang, Tianjian; Fan, Kedi; Xu, Long

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-18862-3

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our previous study confirmed that chronic PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with SBP, DBP and MAP, and increased the risk of the incidence of hypertension [17]. This conclusion was confirmed by several previous studies [46,47]. However, there were no study to show whether the decreased in ambient PM2.5 concentration has a protective effect on BP growth of children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The policy implemented by the government and the protection effect of PM2.5 decreasing on blood pressure in adolescents: From a quasi-experimental study

Liang

Liu

et al. 2023

J Glob Health

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Background High particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) exposure levels posed a great risk to human health, but the protection effects of environmental protection on cardiovascular disease have not been systematically evaluated. This study aims to illustrate the effect of the decreased concentration of PM2.5 on blood pressure level in adolescents after enacting the protection measures of environment from a cohort study.Methods A quasi-experimental study including 2415 children from the Chongqing Children's Health Cohort, aged 7.32 ± 0.60 years with normal blood pressure at baseline, with 53.94% males, were analysed. Both the generalised linear regression model (GLM) and Poisson regression model were used to calculate the impact of the declining exposure level of PM2.5 on blood pressure and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension. ResultsThe annual mean PM2.5 concentration in 2014 and in 2019 were 65.01 ± 6.46 µgmes per cubic metre (μg / m 3 ), 42.08 ± 2.04 μg / m 3 respectively, and the decreased PM2.5 concentration between 2014 and 2019 was 22.92 ± 4.51 μg / m 3 . The effect of decreased PM2.5 concentration by 1μg / m 3 on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the difference of blood pressure (BP) indexes between 2014 and 2019 were all significant (P < 0.001). The absolute differences of SBP (-3.598 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -4.47,-2.72 mmHg), DBP (-2.052 mmHg; 95% CI = -2.80,-1.31 mmHg) and MAP (-2.568 mmHg; 95% CI = -3.27,-1.87 mmHg) in the group with a decreased level of ≥25.56 μg / m 3 were more significant than those in a decreased concentration of PM2.5 for <25.56 μg / m 3 (P < 0.001). And the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension for three occasions blood pressure diagnose was 2.21% (95% CI = 1.37%-3.05%, P = 0.001) in children with PM2.5 decreased level ≤25.56 μg / m 3 (50%), which was significant higher than its' counterparts 0.89% (95% CI = 0.37%-1.42%, P = 0.001). ConclusionsOur study found the etiological relationship between the declining PM2.5 concentration and the BP values and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in children and adolescents, suggesting continuous environmental protection measures in China have achieved remarkable health benefits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The policy implemented by the government and the protection effect of PM2.5 decreasing on blood pressure in adolescents: From a quasi-experimental study

Liang

Liu

et al. 2023

J Glob Health

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“…In recent years, frequent outbreaks of severe haze in vast areas of China have drawn widespread public attention [10]. It is estimated that 28% of China's territory (approximately 2.72 million square kilometers) was exposed to severe PM 2.5 pollution (>35 µg/m 3 ) in 2010, including 75% of the 154 Chinese cities with more than one million inhabitants [23,24]. To improve air pollution, the Chinese government has formulated several clean air policies and standards [25], such as the Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB16297-1996), Emission Standard of Air Pollutants of Thermal Power Plants (GB-13223-2011), Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-2012), Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality Index (HJ633-2012), Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Coal-Burning Oil-Burning Gas-Fired Boiler (GB13271-2014), Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan, the 13th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environmental Protection, and the 14th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environmental Protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Quality Improvement in China: Evidence from PM2.5 Concentrations in Five Urban Agglomerations, 2000–2021

et al. 2022

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Air pollution endangers human health and sustainable socio-economic development, especially in urban agglomeration (UA). The Chinese government has implemented a series of policies and standards to improve air quality. However, few studies have compared variations in PM2.5 concentrations across multiple UAs, and current research often lacks analysis relative to the clean air policies implemented by the government. In this study, we used econometric and geostatistical methods to assess the distribution and spatial evolution of PM2.5 concentrations in five UAs (the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei UA (BTHUA), middle reaches of the Yangtze River UA (MYRUA), Chengdu–Chongqing UA (CCUA), Harbin Changchun UA (HCUA), and Beibu Gulf UA (BGUA)) in China from 2000 to 2021 to explore the effectiveness of the clean air policies implemented by the government on air pollution control, to analyze the ambient air quality of UAs, and to make recommendations for public outdoor activities. The results indicated that the clean air policy implemented by the Chinese government in 2013 achieved significant treatment results. PM2.5 concentrations were plotted as an inverted U-shaped curve based on time, which showed an upward trend before 2013 and a downward trend after 2013. PM2.5 concentrations showed a similar seasonal pattern, with a single-valley “V” shape. PM2.5 concentration was the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. The PM2.5 concentration of HCUA and BGUA was lower than that of CCUA, MYRUA, and BTHUA. The increase in PM2.5 concentration mainly occurred in autumn and winter, while the decrease mainly occurred in spring. In 2021, the PM2.5 air quality compliance rates (<35 µg/m3) in BTHUA, MYRUA, CCUA, HCUA, and BGUA were 44.57%, 80.00%, 82.04%, 99.74%, and 100%, respectively. However, in 2021, 19.19% of the five UAs still had an ambient air quality of Grade II (i.e., 50 < AQIPM2.5 < 100). People with abnormally sensitive breathing in these areas should reduce their outdoor activities. These results contribute to epidemiological studies on human health and disease prevention and suggest reasonable pathways by which governments can improve air quality through sustainable urban planning.

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“…This might be a result of environmental expenditures on air quality and to a certain extent the effectiveness of local environmental policies in China, as evidenced by He et al ( 14 ) that they find a 1% increase in environmental expenditure associated with a decrease of 0.0773, 0.0125, 0.0965, and 0.0912% in the air quality index for Beijing, Taiyuan, Chongqing, and Lanzhou cities in China from the period 2007–2015. In the local, levels of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were moderate, which still exceed the annual standard recommended by the world health organization guidelines (WHO IT-1 for PM₂.₅ = 35 μg/m 3 ; WHO IT-2 for PM₁₀ = 50 μg/m 3 ) ( 15 , 16 ). Therefore, mild pollution for the fine particulate matter continuously exists in Jiaxing, which should be supervised, and further studies upon the pollution sources and other pollutant constituents may be alerted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Combined exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in reductions of physiological development among preterm birth: a retrospective study from 2014 to 2017 in China

Hu¹,

Tang²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundPreterm birth (PTB) has been linked with ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure. However, data are limited between physiological development of PTB and PM exposure.MethodsTrimester and season-specific PM exposure including PM2.5 and PM10 was collected from Jiaxing between January 2014 and December 2017. Information about parents and 3,054 PTB (gestational age < 37 weeks) outcomes such as weight (g), head circumference (cm), chest circumference (cm), height (cm) and Apgar 5 score were obtained from birth records. We used generalized linear models to assess the relationship between PTB physiological developmental indices and PM2.5, PM10 and their combined exposures. A binary logistic regression model was performed to assess the association between exposures and low birth weight (LBW, < 2,500 g).ResultsResults showed that there were 75.5% of low birth weight (LBW) infants in PTB. Decreased PM2.5 and PM10 levels were found in Jiaxing from 2014 to 2017, with a higher PM10 level than PM2.5 each year. During the entire pregnancy, the highest median concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 was in winter (61.65 ± 0.24 vs. 91.65 ± 0.29 μg/m3) followed by autumn, spring and summer, with statistical differences in trimester-specific stages. After adjusting for several potential factors, we found a 10 μg/m3 increase in joint exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 during the entire pregnancy associated with reduced 0.02 week (95%CI: −0.05, −0.01) in gestational age, 7.9 g (95%CI: −13.71, −2.28) in birth weight, 0.8 cm in height (95%CI: −0.16, −0.02), 0.05 cm (95%CI: −0.08, − 0.01) in head circumference, and 0.3 (95%CI: −0.04, −0.02) in Apgar 5 score, except for the chest circumference. Trimester-specific exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 sometimes showed an opposite effect on Additionally, PM2.5 (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.68) was correlated with LBW.ConclusionFindings in this study suggest a combined impact of fine particulate matter exposure on neonatal development, which adds to the current understanding of PTB risk and health.

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High-normal blood pressure (prehypertension) is associated with PM2.5 exposure in young adults

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

The policy implemented by the government and the protection effect of PM2.5 decreasing on blood pressure in adolescents: From a quasi-experimental study

The policy implemented by the government and the protection effect of PM2.5 decreasing on blood pressure in adolescents: From a quasi-experimental study

Air Quality Improvement in China: Evidence from PM2.5 Concentrations in Five Urban Agglomerations, 2000–2021

Combined exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in reductions of physiological development among preterm birth: a retrospective study from 2014 to 2017 in China

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