High nitrogen in maize enriches gut microbiota conferring insecticide tolerance in lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura

Hu, Lin; Sun, Zhongxiang; Xu, Cuicui; Wang, Jie; Mallik, Azim U.; Gu, Cheng-Zhen; Chen, Daoqian; Lü, Long; Zeng, Rensen; Song, Yuanyuan

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.103726

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Notably, the type of diet, host plant, season, population density, and geographic position influence gut bacterial diversity [53]. Feeding can change the gut microbiota community of lepidopteran insects [52,54]. For instance, mulberry leaves are primarily composed of xylan (10-40%) and cellulose (19-25%), which shows the importance of intestinal microbes for food digestion in silkworms [55].…”

Section: Diversity Of the Lepidopteran Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Zhang

2022

Microorganisms

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Lepidopteran insects are one of the most widespread and speciose lineages on Earth, with many common pests and beneficial insect species. The evolutionary success of their diversification depends on the essential functions of gut microorganisms. This diverse gut microbiota of lepidopteran insects provides benefits in nutrition and reproductive regulation and plays an important role in the defence against pathogens, enhancing host immune homeostasis. In addition, gut symbionts have shown promising applications in the development of novel tools for biological control, biodegradation of waste, and blocking the transmission of insect-borne diseases. Even though most microbial symbionts are unculturable, the rapidly expanding catalogue of microbial genomes and the application of modern genetic techniques offer a viable alternative for studying these microbes. Here, we discuss the gut structure and microbial diversity of lepidopteran insects, as well as advances in the understanding of symbiotic relationships and interactions between hosts and symbionts. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the function of the gut microbiota, including in host nutrition and metabolism, immune defence, and potential mechanisms of detoxification. Due to the relevance of lepidopteran pests in agricultural production, it can be expected that the research on the interactions between lepidopteran insects and their gut microbiota will be used for biological pest control and protection of beneficial insects in the future.

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Section: Diversity Of the Lepidopteran Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Zhang

2022

Microorganisms

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“…With the advent of penicillin, antibiotics have been widely used clinically with significant anti-infective effects, but while antibiotics have therapeutic effects, they are also accompanied by many adverse reactions. Hu et al [6] believed that there are five major hazards of the abuse of antibiotics through comprehensive analysis, the first is the harm to patients. Renal toxicity-The abuse of antibiotics can induce drug-induced renal failure, manifested as proteinuria, hematuria, etc., and in severe cases, azotemia can occur, resulting in decreased renal function [7] ; hepatotoxicity-Drugs cause liver damage through direct damage or allergic mechanisms; the abuse of antibiotics can destroy the normal bacteria in the human body, leading to a double infection; ototoxicity-The abuse of antibiotics can damage to vestibular function and auditory nerves, resulting in vision loss, nystagmus, nausea, vomiting and ataxia, hearing loss and even permanent deafness [8] ; gastrointestinal reaction-Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation reactions, toxic reactions, low immunity [9] ; blood toxicity-Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet blood reduction and even cause hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, etc., [10] ; Secondly, the abuse of antibiotics can lead to the emergence of super-resistant bacteria; thirdly, the abuse of antibiotics poses a threat to clinical practice; fourth, the abuse of antibiotics wastes resources; fifth, the antibiotics exist in sewage in an active form, destroying the ecological balance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Perioperative Antibiotics on Prognosis of Patients with Hemorrhoids

Chen¹,

Xin²,

Hu³

2022

IJPS

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To explore the feasibility of not using antibiotics before and after hemorrhoid surgery is the main objective of the study. A total of 68 patients with hemorrhoids who were admitted to Ningbo Anorectal Hospital from December 2019 to May 2021 were selected, including 36 males and 32 females. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, 34 patients in each group. The patients in the experimental group were not given antibiotics, while the patients in the control group were given cefazolin sodium 1-2 g and 100 ml of sodium chloride intravenously 30 min before surgery and the same dose of antibiotics was given intravenously after surgery (1 time/12 h), the postoperative administration time is 24 h, not more than 48 h. The intraoperative conditions, postoperative wound infection rate, hospital stay, postoperative recurrence rate and other aspects of the two groups of patients were observed and compared. There was no significant difference in postoperative body temperature, white blood cell count, postoperative wound infection and average hospital stay and recovery time between the two groups. The adverse drug reaction rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. It is safe and feasible not to use antibiotics in the perioperative period of hemorrhoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown that gut microbiota can enhance insecticide resistance ( Kota et al, 2021 ; Hu et al, 2022 ). Inoculation of Spodoptera litura larvae with E. mundtii and Enterococcus casseliflavus significantly reduced susceptibility to methomyl ( Hu et al, 2022 ). In Cletus punctiger , the gut commensal bacterium Burkholderia can degrade organophosphate compounds and remarkably increase the resistance against fenitrothion ( Kota et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bt GS57 Interaction With Gut Microbiota Accelerates Spodoptera exigua Mortality

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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The Beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Spodoptera) is an important global polyphagous pest. Pathogen infection could destroy the intestinal microbial homeostasis of insects, leading to the death of the host. However, the effect of the host intestinal microbial community on the insecticidal effect of Bacillus thuringiensis is rarely studied. In this study, the genome characteristics of Bt GS57 and the diversity and functions of the gut bacteria in S. exigua are investigated using crystal morphology, biological activity, and Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The total size of the Bt GS57 genome is 6.17 Mbp with an average G + C content of 35.66%. Furthermore, the Bt GS57 genome contains six cry genes: cry1Ca, cry1Da, cry2Ab, cry9Ea, cry1Ia, and cry1Aa, and a vegetative insecticidal protein gene vip3Aa. The Bt GS57 strain can produce biconical crystals, mainly expressing 70 kDa and 130 kDa crystal proteins. The LC50 value of the Bt GS57 strain against the S. exigua larvae was 0.339 mg mL–1. Physiological and biochemical reactions showed that Bt GS57 belongs to B.t. var. thuringiensis. In addition, we found that B. thuringiensis can cause a dynamic change in the gut microbiota of S. exigua, with a significant reduction in bacterial diversity and a substantial increase in bacterial load. In turn, loss of gut microbiota significantly decreased the B. thuringiensis susceptibility of S. exigua larvae. Our findings reveal the vital contribution of the gut microbiota in B. thuringiensis-killing activity, providing new insights into the mechanisms of B. thuringiensis pathogenesis in insects.

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High nitrogen in maize enriches gut microbiota conferring insecticide tolerance in lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura

Cited by 17 publications

References 72 publications

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Effect of Perioperative Antibiotics on Prognosis of Patients with Hemorrhoids

Bt GS57 Interaction With Gut Microbiota Accelerates Spodoptera exigua Mortality

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