High N2O emissions in dry ecosystems

Zaady, Eli; Groffman, Peter M.; Standing, Dominic; Shachak, Moshe

doi:10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.08.004

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In both hot and cold desert biocrusts, denitrification rates ranged from 0.1 to 25 % of the N-fixation rates (Johnson et al 2005;Strauss et al 2012;Barger et al 2013;Zaady et al 2013). The exception to this pattern was a study conducted on an inland dune in Germany, whereby denitrification rates from biocrusts were five-to tenfold higher than N-fixation rates (Brankatschk et al 2013).…”

Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…An increase in SOC with biocrust development was hypothesized to be driving the higher rates. Additional studies have shown that biocrust development leads to higher denitrification rates (Strauss et al 2012;Barger et al 2013;Brankatschk et al 2013), while other studies have shown the opposite (Abed et al 2013;Zaady et al 2013) or no effect (Johnson et al 2007;Strauss et al 2012;Zaady et al 2013), perhaps not an unexpected result given the multiplicity of factors that can influence denitrification.…”

Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Biocrust N fixation at these same sites was estimated at 43.2 kg ha À1 a À1 , which suggests that a quarter of the N fixed each year may be lost in denitrification (Zaady et al 2013). It is important to note that many denitrification estimates are potential rates based on optimal conditions, where conditions of organic carbon supply, anoxia, and long incubation times are all experimentally imposed in the assays relative to the field environment.…”

Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Controls on Nitrogen Cycling of Biological Soil Crusts

et al. 2016

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Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Nitrogen Gas Losses From Biocrusts and Biocrusted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Controls on Nitrogen Cycling of Biological Soil Crusts

et al. 2016

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“…The importance of nitrification as a driver of N 2 O emissions is consistent with the higher nitrification rates and N 2 O emissions from N-treated than from ambient soils. Denitrification has also been shown to respond to drying-rewetting cycles (Groffman & Tiedje, 1988;Zaady et al, 2013;Guo et al, 2014), and to be tightly coupled to soil NO À 3 -N production by nitrification . Although it is unlikely that the soils in this study experienced the anaerobic conditions traditionally considered necessary for denitrification, recent studies have suggested that denitrification can be a relevant source of N 2 O in these types of forest soils, even at high soil O 2 concentrations (Duncan et al, 2013;Morse et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen supply modulates the effect of changes in drying–rewetting frequency on soil C and N cycling and greenhouse gas exchange

Morillas

Durán

Rodríguez

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Climate change and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are two of the most important global change drivers. However, the interactions of these drivers have not been well studied. We aimed to assess how the combined effect of soil N additions and more frequent soil drying-rewetting events affects carbon (C) and N cycling, soil:atmosphere greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange, and functional microbial diversity. We manipulated the frequency of soil drying-rewetting events in soils from ambient and N-treated plots in a temperate forest and calculated the Orwin & Wardle Resistance index to compare the response of the different treatments. Increases in drying-rewetting cycles led to reductions in soil NO3- levels, potential net nitrification rate, and soil : atmosphere GHG exchange, and increases in NH4+ and total soil inorganic N levels. N-treated soils were more resistant to changes in the frequency of drying-rewetting cycles, and this resistance was stronger for C- than for N-related variables. Both the long-term N addition and the drying-rewetting treatment altered the functionality of the soil microbial population and its functional diversity. Our results suggest that increasing the frequency of drying-rewetting cycles can affect the ability of soil to cycle C and N and soil : atmosphere GHG exchange and that the response to this increase is modulated by soil N enrichment.

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“…However, wetting of dry soils can stimulate the activity of microbes by removing water stress, and improve soil hydraulic conditions by connecting microbes with substrates (Schaeffer et al, 2013). Such changes in water potentials were reported to cause bursts of respiration and mineralization associated with intracellular solutes release from microbial cells undergoing osmotic stress, resulting in a high flux of nutrients into soils (Schimel et al, 2007;Zaady et al, 2013). The high bursts of respiration can be strong enough to rapidly deplete soil oxygen levels, allow anaerobic processes (i.e.…”

Section: Key Biological Pathways Of N 2 O Emissions In Drylandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial nitrous oxide emissions in dryland ecosystems: mechanisms, microbiome and mitigation

Trivedi

Singh

2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Globally, drylands represent the largest terrestrial biome and are projected to expand by 23% by the end of this century. Drylands are characterized by extremely low levels of water and nutrients and exhibit highly heterogeneous distribution in plants and biocrusts which make microbial processes shaping the dryland functioning rather unique compared with other terrestrial ecosystems. Nitrous oxide (N O) is a powerful greenhouse gas with ozone depletion potential. Despite of the pivotal influences of microbial communities on the production and consumption of N O, we have limited knowledge of the biological pathways and mechanisms underpinning N O emissions from drylands, which are estimated to account for 30% of total gaseous nitrogen emissions on Earth. In this article, we describe the key microbial players and biological pathways regulating dryland N O emissions, and discuss how these processes will respond to emerging global changes such as climate warming, extreme weather events and nitrogen deposition. We also provide a conceptual framework to precisely manipulate the dryland microbiome to mitigate N O emissions in situ using emerging technologies with great specificity and efficacy. These cross-disciplinary efforts will enable the development of novel and environmental-friendly microbiome-based solutions to future mitigation strategies of climate change.

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High N2O emissions in dry ecosystems

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

Patterns and Controls on Nitrogen Cycling of Biological Soil Crusts

Patterns and Controls on Nitrogen Cycling of Biological Soil Crusts

Nitrogen supply modulates the effect of changes in drying–rewetting frequency on soil C and N cycling and greenhouse gas exchange

Microbial nitrous oxide emissions in dryland ecosystems: mechanisms, microbiome and mitigation

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