High mortality and lesions of the central nervous system in Trypanosomosis by Trypanosoma vivax in Brazilian hair sheep

Galiza, Glauco José Nogueira de; García, Herakles A.; Assis, A. C. O.; Oliveira, Diego M.; Pimentel, Luciano A.; Dantas, Antônio Flávio Medeiros; Simões, Sara Vilar Dantas; Teixeira, Marta Maria Geraldes; Riet-Correa, F.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.016

Cited by 47 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…T. vivax isolates from animals infected during different Brazilian outbreaks (Figure 1) were compared. Isolates from very sick sheep were from an outbreak in the northeast (state of Paraiba) that affected a flock and caused severe haematological and neurological alterations along with several deaths [20]; other outbreaks in cows and sheep occurred previously in the same region [29]. Two isolates were from a cow and a horse that showed haematological and neurological disturbances in sequential outbreaks in the southern region (state of Rio Grande do Sul) [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South America, wild reservoirs are unknown and T. vivax can be pathogenic to cattle, sheep, goats and horses [12,20-23]. The main manifestation of acute T. vivax disease is devastating anaemia and compromised cardiac function [14,15,22,24,25], followed by the invasion of the central nervous system [20,23,26,27], abortion, stillbirth, and testicular and ovarian damage [12,13,28]. Disease severity and particular clinical signs have been associated with geography, prior infections, health conditions, and livestock species and breeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, West African (WA) isolates are more pathogenic to livestock than East African (EA) T. vivax isolates , but wasting disease with haemorrhagic syndromes has been reported in Kenya and Uganda [14,15,24]. Outbreaks of acute haematological and neurological disorders with high mortality have been reported affecting cattle, goats, sheep and horses throughout non-endemic Brazilian regions [20-22,29]. In South American (SA) regions of enzootic stability (Amazonian lowlands, Venezuelan Llanos and Brazilian wetland of the Pantanal), infections are mostly asymptomatic in cattle, buffaloes and sheep, all showing low parasitaemias [1,30-33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsatellite analysis supports clonal propagation and reduced divergence of Trypanosoma vivax from asymptomatic to fatally infected livestock in South America compared to West Africa

García

Rodrigues

et al. 2014

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundMechanical transmission of the major livestock pathogen Trypanosoma vivax by other biting flies than tsetse allows its spread from Africa to the New World. Genetic studies are restricted to a small number of isolates and based on molecular markers that evolve too slowly to resolve the relationships between American and West African populations and, thus, unable us to uncover the recent history of T. vivax in the New World.MethodsT. vivax genetic diversity, population structure and the source of outbreaks was investigated through the microsatellite multiloci (7 loci) genotype (MLGs) analysis in South America (47isolates from Brazil, Venezuela and French Guiana) and West Africa (12 isolates from The Gambia, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin and Nigeria). Relationships among MLGs were explored using phylogenetic, principal component and STRUCTURE analyses.ResultsAlthough closely phylogenetically related, for the first time, genetic differences were detected between T. vivax isolates from South America (11 genotypes/47 isolates) and West Africa (12 genotypes/12 isolates) with no MLGs in common. Diversity was far greater across West Africa than in South America, where genotypes from Brazil (MLG1-6), Venezuela (MLG7-10) and French Guiana (MLG11) shared similar but not identical allele composition. No MLG was exclusive to asymptomatic (endemic areas) or sick (outbreaks in non-endemic areas) animals, but only MLGs1, 2 and 3 were responsible for severe haematological and neurological disorders.ConclusionsOur results revealed closely related genotypes of T. vivax in Brazil and Venezuela, regardless of endemicity and clinical conditions of the infected livestock. The MLGs analysis from T. vivax across SA and WA support clonal propagation, and is consistent with the hypothesis that the SA populations examined here derived from common ancestors recently introduced from West Africa. The molecular markers defined here are valuable to assess the genetic diversity, to track the source and dispersion of outbreaks, and to explore the epidemiological and pathological significance of T. vivax genotypes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsatellite analysis supports clonal propagation and reduced divergence of Trypanosoma vivax from asymptomatic to fatally infected livestock in South America compared to West Africa

García

Rodrigues

et al. 2014

Parasites Vectors

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“…O surto ocorreu durante a estação chuvosa, favorável ao aumento da população do vetor mecânico do parasita, as mutucas (Tabanus spp.). No caso desse surto, a utilização da mesma agulha para a aplicação de medicamentos durante a fase inicial da doença pode também ter favorecido a disseminação da enfermidade (Galiza et al, 2011). A trypanosomose ovina causada por T. vivax é uma enfermidade considerada de ocorrência rara na região semiárida do Brasil, mas que pode resultar em anemia, perda de peso, aborto e sintomas nervosos, e com grande probabilidade de levar à morte (ibidem).…”

Section: Profilaxiaunclassified

Os parasitas de ovinos

Amarante¹,

Ragozo²,

Silva³

2014

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“…The main clinical signs of trypanosomiasis are progressive weight loss, pale mucous membranes, decreased milk production, anorexia, hyperthermia (RADOSTITS et al, 2007) and neurological signs (BATISTA et al, 2007;GALIZA et al, 2011). Infection by T. (D.) vivax may be diagnosed via parasitological methods, in which the characteristics of the general structure of the blood forms are observed using optical microscopy; or via serological methods, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and molecular characterization of Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax in dairy cattle in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil

Vieira

Macedo

Bezerra‐Santos

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax is an important cause of economic losses among feedlot cattle. These losses are related to the morbidity, mortality, reproductive issues and decreased production. It is known that the clinical signs observed in infections by this protozoon are similar to other hemoparasitosis, which difficult the diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect and molecularly characterize an outbreak of trypanosomiasis caused by T. (D.) vivax in dairy cattle in the municipality of São Miguel Aleixo, state of Sergipe, Brazil. Blood samples from cattle (n = 15) presenting clinical signs compatible with trypanosomiasis were collected and parasitological and molecular evaluated. Among the samples analyzed, 34% (5/15) were positive from blood smears, 60% (9/15) from the buffy coat method and 80% (12/15) from the molecular method. The DNA sequence obtained (659 bp) showed 99% similarity to T. (D.) vivax sequences that are available in the GenBank database. The presence of this protozoon in cattle herds is a problem for producers. Diagnosing trypanosomiasis is problematic because its evolution is similar to that of other parasitic blood diseases. In addition, this is the first report of infection by T. (D.) vivax in cattle in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil.Keywords: Trypanosomiasis, parasitological diagnosis, molecular diagnosis. ResumoTrypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax é responsável por consideráveis perdas econômicas na bovinocultura. Estas perdas estão relacionados à morbidade, mortalidade, problemas reprodutivos e declínio na produção. Sabe-se que os sinais clínicos apresentados em infecções por este protozoário se assemelha a outras hemoparasitoses, dificultando muitas vezes o diagnóstico. Portanto, objetivou-se com este estudo detectar a ocorrência de T. (D.) vivax em bovinos leiteiros no município de São Miguel Aleixo, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Para tanto, amostras de sangue (n = 15) foram coletadas e avaliadas através de métodos parasitológicos e moleculares. Do total das amostras analisadas, 34% (5/15) foram positivas no esfregaço sanguíneo, 60% (9/15) pelo método do Buffy Coat, enquanto na biologia molecular 80% (12/15) amplificaram um fragmento de DNA (659 pb) compatível com T. (D.) vivax (GenBank). Em conclusão a presença de T. (D.) vivax nos rebanhos bovinos caracteriza-se como um problema para os pecuaristas, como também para o diagnóstico, uma vez que essa tripanossomíase apresenta evolução semelhante a outras hemoparasitoses. Ademais, este é o primeiro relato de infecção por T. (D.) vivax em bovinos do estado de Sergipe, nordeste do Brasil.Palavras-chave: Tripanossomíase, diagnóstico parasitológico, diagnóstico molecular.

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High mortality and lesions of the central nervous system in Trypanosomosis by Trypanosoma vivax in Brazilian hair sheep

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

Microsatellite analysis supports clonal propagation and reduced divergence of Trypanosoma vivax from asymptomatic to fatally infected livestock in South America compared to West Africa

Microsatellite analysis supports clonal propagation and reduced divergence of Trypanosoma vivax from asymptomatic to fatally infected livestock in South America compared to West Africa

Os parasitas de ovinos

Detection and molecular characterization of Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax in dairy cattle in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil

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