High-mobility organic semiconducting crystal for direct X-ray detection

Sun, Qisheng; Yan, Xinlong; Chen, Siqi; Yuan, Jiangyan; Li, Jing; Luo, Qingqing; Jiang, Ting; Gao, Zengqiang; Wang, Hongyun; Yuan, Mingjian; Ji, Deyang; Yang, Fan; Ren, Xiaochen; Zhang, Xiaotao; Hu, Wenping

doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2023.05.004

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The overall fast response also proves the excellent detection performance of TPB devices, which can sensitively capture and adjust the dose rate transient changes caused by the X-ray source. 26 As shown in Fig. 4(c), when a voltage of 20 V is applied and a Cu tablet is placed at the nozzle of the X-ray source, the SNR value of the TPB device is as high as 10.4 at a dose rate of 0.35 μGy s −1 , which is greater than the required value (3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Pure organic TPB single crystal for direct X-ray detection

Jiang,

Xu,

Shang

et al. 2024

CrystEngComm

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Pure organic TPB single crystal for direct X-ray detection

Jiang,

Xu,

Shang

et al. 2024

CrystEngComm

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“…11 It is expected that they will be suitable for the complex calibration procedures of inorganic radiation detectors in medical applications and wearable electronics. 12,13 Recently, organic crystal materials with high mobility and micrometer thickness have been used for direct detectors. 14−16 An X-ray detector with 4-hydroxycyanobenzene (80 μm) had a sensitivity of 93 μC Gy air −1 cm −2 and an X-ray on/off ratio of 157.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response of organic materials to ionizing radiation closely mimics that of human tissues because they possess low densities (∼1 g cm –3 ) and main elemental compositions of hydrogen and carbon (low-Z elements), with small proportions of functional groups . It is expected that they will be suitable for the complex calibration procedures of inorganic radiation detectors in medical applications and wearable electronics. , Recently, organic crystal materials with high mobility and micrometer thickness have been used for direct detectors. − An X-ray detector with 4-hydroxycyanobenzene (80 μm) had a sensitivity of 93 μC Gy air –1 cm –2 and an X-ray on/off ratio of 157 . The complex process of single crystals and their inability to be unsuitable for large-area film limit their application in commercial flat-panel detection imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Low-Voltage and High-Sensitivity Direct X-ray Detectors Based on Thick Bulk Heterojunction Organic Device

Li,

Chen,

Hao

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Organic semiconducting materials are promising for the fabrication of flexible ionizing radiation detectors for imaging because of their tissue equivalence, simple large-scale processing, and mass production. However, it is challenging to achieve highsensitivity detection for organic direct detectors prepared by low-cost solution processing because of the compromise between thickness and carrier transport. In this study, high-performance organic direct X-ray detectors were fabricated by building a micrometer-thick bulk heterojunction (BHJ) using poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):(6,6)-phenyl c71 butyric acid methyl ester. A 5 μm BHJ film was fabricated by drop-casting and enhanced crystallization of P3HT using binary solvents and high-boilingpoint additives to improve the charge carrier mobility. Furthermore, this organic direct X-ray detector has a sensitivity of >654.26 μC Gy air s −1 and a self-powered response. Because of the architecture of the thick active layer and the energy cascade in this diode detector, it has a very low dark current of 46.26 pA at −2 V. A fast and efficient approach was developed for fabricating thick, highly mobile organic BHJ films for high-performance direct X-ray detectors. It has great potential for application in a new generation of flexible and portable large-area flat-panel detectors.

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“…[ 1–8 ] Materials with X‐ray photoconductivity should meet stringent prerequisites, including high resistivity for suppressing the dark current and electronic noise, large carrier mobility‐lifetime ( µτ ) product to enable efficient charge collection, and high atomic number elements to achieve large absorption of X‐ray photons. [ 9–13 ] Currently, the dominative material candidates for X‐ray detection include amorphous selenium ( α ‐Se), silicon (Si), and so on. [ 14 ] In recent years, double perovskites have demonstrated great application prospects for direct X‐ray detection due to their non‐toxic nature, large µτ product, and superior phase stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centimeter‐Size Single Crystal of a Polar Dion–Jacobson Double Perovskite with Large Mobility‐Lifetime Product toward Effective X‐Ray Detection

Guo,

Xu,

Fan

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Dion–Jacobson (DJ) double perovskites have emerged as environmentally friendly candidates for X‐ray detection, owing to their prominent optoelectronic performance and highlighted structural rigidity. Despite considerable efforts, the exploration of polar DJ‐type double perovskites for self‐powered X‐ray detection remains scarce. Herein, by introducing a diamine spacer to increase the structural rigidity, the study has successfully designed a new polar 2D DJ‐type double perovskite of (HIA)2AgBiBr8 (1, HIA = histamine), and centimeter‐size crystals are successfully obtained for effective X‐ray detection. Structurally, 1 features the quantum‐confined motif comprised of the directionally arranged inorganic perovskite sheets and alternating organic spacing cations, which endows a large mobility‐lifetime (µτ) product up to 1.23 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 on the par with typical X‐ray sensing candidates (MAPbI3 wafers, µτ = 2 × 10−3 cm2 V−1). This attribute gives rise to a high sensitivity of 118 µCGyair−1 cm−2 to X‐ray illumination. Moreover, based on its polar structure, bulk photovoltaic effect with the photovoltage of ≈0.45 V is obtained in 1, which affords the driving source toward the self‐powered X‐ray photodetection. This work highlights the potential of DJ‐type double perovskites in high‐energy ray detection and opens avenues for exploring new functionalities of DJ double perovskites as smart photoelectric candidates.

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High-mobility organic semiconducting crystal for direct X-ray detection

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Pure organic TPB single crystal for direct X-ray detection

Pure organic TPB single crystal for direct X-ray detection

Toward Low-Voltage and High-Sensitivity Direct X-ray Detectors Based on Thick Bulk Heterojunction Organic Device

Centimeter‐Size Single Crystal of a Polar Dion–Jacobson Double Perovskite with Large Mobility‐Lifetime Product toward Effective X‐Ray Detection

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