High mite-allergen exposure increases the risk of sensitization in atopic children and young adults

Lau, Susanne; Falkenhorst, Gerhard; Weber, Anne; Werthmann, Iris; Lind, Peter; Buettner-Goetz, Petra; Wahn, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(89)90300-x

Cited by 347 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The significance of the differences in the CVs in study 1 and study 2 Figure 2 shows the variability of Der p 1 concentration at one site within 3-24 months as an example of the variability of both HDM allergens. Table 4.…”

Section: Methods Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that exposure to house dust mite (HDM) allergens at home is associated with prevalence of allergic sensitization (1)(2)(3) and asthma (4,5) in susceptible children, but others did not (6,7). The reliability of the determination of indoor exposure to these allergens has not been investigated extensively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to most other parts of the world (2,3,6,5), Sydney is characterized by extremely high concentrations of Der p 1 [geometric mean 38.9 pg/g dust on mattresses and 22.4 pg/g dust on bedroom floors (8)] and the absence of other HDM allergens.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Variability of house dust mite allergen exposure in dwellings.

Hirsch¹,

Kuhlisch²,

Soldan³

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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Tlhe variability of repeated house dust mite (HDM) allergen determinations at the same site within 3-24 months was evaluated on previously collected samples. Between two and four repeated measurements of Der p 1, a major allergen of Dermatophagoidespteronyssinus and Der f 1, a major allergen of D. farinae, on 46 carpets and 31 mattresses were analyzed. In 90% of carpets and mattresses, HDM allergen concentrations were cinically relevant (at least one measurement >0.1 pg Der p 1 + Der f l/g dust). The coefficients ofvariation (CVs) for allergen concentrations in repeated samples over time (55.3-82.0% for the two allergens in beds and carpets) were clearly greater than the CVs for multiple samples collected at the same time (4.0-32.6%). Determination ofallergen mass per square meter of surface instead of concentration per gram of dust resulted in an even greater There are some other considerations of practical relevance that have not been addressed so far. First, the Australian study measured variability in 2-week intervals. This design might fail to detect long-term variations of exposure. Second, the allergen concentration in sampled dust might be massively "diluted" with allergen-free dirt from outside. Is the total sampled mass of allergen a measure of less variability? Finally, can the reliability be improved if sampling is always done by the same trained field worker rather than by residents following written instructions?Answers to these questions should help improve methods of future field studies of HDM allergen exposure. For this purpose it is also useful to estimate how many samples are needed to compensate for the variability caused by influences that cannot easily be controlled by study design. Methods Study DesignVariability ofsampling and dust extraction procedures. To describe the real variability of HDM exposure, it is necessary to assess the impact of laboratory procedures on total variability. Besides the variability of the assay itself (interassay and intra-assay variability; see "Laboratory Analysis") the influence of our sampling and dust extraction procedures on the variability of results was examined in a methodical study.Sample pairs from six mattresses (both longitudinal halves) and six carpets (two squares of 1 m2) were collected at the same time. To evaluate the variability of the extraction procedure, each of these two samples and two additional single samples from two mattresses (n = 26) were divided into two to nine dust portions. These portions were analyzed separately, and the mean and the coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for each set of portions. The mean was interpreted as the value of the whole original sample. The values of the two original samples collected at one site were then used to calculate CVs for sampling at the same site at the same time.Long-term variability ofallergen concentration at the same site. We retrospectively analyzed dust samples from two field studies in which HDM allergen exposure was determined repeatedly (within 3-24 months).

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Section: Methods Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Variability of house dust mite allergen exposure in dwellings.

Hirsch¹,

Kuhlisch²,

Soldan³

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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“…This variable may simply indicate houses with higher allergen levels. Two studies have shown that the concentration of allergens is well correlated with the degree of sensitization (18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of house dust mite sensitization on lung size and airway caliber in symptomatic and nonsymptomatic preadolescent children: a community-based study in Poland.

Jędrychowski

Maugeri

Jedrychowska-Bianchi

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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There are conflicting reports on the effects of atopy on lung function. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of house mite (HM) atopy on lung function in subsamples of 12-year-old symptomatic and nonsymptomatic preadolescent children taken from the community sample. An additional objective of this study was to identify possible environmental determinants of HM skin reaction. We obtained questionnaire data on respiratory symptoms and skin-prick tests and performed spirometry on a subsample of 311 children of a birth cohort of children who have been followed over 3 years. Multivariate regression analysis showed progressive decrement of lung function indices (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, and forced expiratory flow, midexpiratory phase) with increasing degree of HM atopy reflected by the skin reaction to HM allergens. The apparent association between the level of HM atopy and the lung function indices was highly significant in symptomatic individuals but insignificant in nonsymptomatic subjects. HM sensitization was significantly associated with mother's atopy. It occurred predominantly in boys and was related to the use of coal or gas for house heating. The effect of allergen sensitization on lung size and airway caliber confined to symptomatic subjects may reflect the inflammatory status of bronchial airways in the symptomatic subjects.

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“…In a longitudinal birth cohort study in Germany, a dose-response relationship could be shown between early exposure to cat and mite allergens and the risk of sensitization during the first years of life. It has recently been demonstrated that strong infantile IgE antibody responses to food proteins have to be considered as markers for atopic reactivity in general and are predictors of subsequent sensitization to aeroallergens [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Natural History Of Atopic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary prevention of allergy: avoiding risk or providing protection?

Hamelmann

Beyer

Grüber

et al. 2007

Clin Experimental Allergy

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SummaryPrimary prevention strategies of allergy so far have been aimed to fight allergy causes, by avoiding risk factors and inhibiting their mechanisms of action. The results of trials testing food or airborne allergen avoidance as a prevention strategy were, however, rather disappointing. A reverse approach for primary prevention of allergies aims to facilitate exposure to protecting factors which promote the induction of immunologic tolerance against innocuous antigens. These factors are associated with farming environment and a 'traditional lifestyle', but identification of these factors is quite difficult. Major candidates include foodborne microbes, helminths or their components, which are able to stimulate mucosal immunity, particularly in the gut. Similarly, new preventive and therapeutic strategies are being tested to induce specific food-allergen oral tolerance through the ingestion of progressively increasing doses of the offending food. This shifting of allergy prevention research from avoidance to tolerance induction will hopefully allow us to reverse the epidemic trend of allergy diseases.

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High mite-allergen exposure increases the risk of sensitization in atopic children and young adults

Cited by 347 publications

References 34 publications

Variability of house dust mite allergen exposure in dwellings.

Variability of house dust mite allergen exposure in dwellings.

The effect of house dust mite sensitization on lung size and airway caliber in symptomatic and nonsymptomatic preadolescent children: a community-based study in Poland.

Primary prevention of allergy: avoiding risk or providing protection?

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