High-lysine corn as a source of protein and energy for finishing calves.

Abstract

Three trials evaluated the protein and energy value of high-lysine corn for finishing calves. In Trial 1, 60 finishing steer calves were used to evaluate corn source (high-lysine vs control) and protein source (urea, blood meal [BM], corn gluten meal [CGM]) and level (BM and CGM addition; low, medium, high). Calves were individually fed using Calan gates for 102 d, and then were pen-fed (two pens per corn treatment) the remaining 83 d. During the initial 102 d, calves fed high-lysine corn had similar gains but were 6% more efficient (P < .10) compared with calves fed control corn. Performance did not differ (P > .10) among sources or levels of protein supplementation. Over the entire feeding period (185 d), calves fed high-lysine corn were 10% more efficient (P < .10) than calves fed control corn. In the second study, in situ starch disappearance was faster (P < .10) and the proportion of CP degraded by 12 h was 27% greater (P < .10) for high-lysine corn than for control corn. In a metabolism trial, five steers fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a randomized block design to evaluate the effect of corn source on site and extent of digestion. Intake and ruminal and total tract digestibility of OM and N did not differ (P > .10) between corn sources. Steers fed high-lysine corn tended to have greater ruminal (P = .23) and postruminal (P = .18) starch digestion, resulting in greater (P < .10) total tract starch digestibility.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of solid feed on energy and protein utilization in milk-fed veal calves1

“…The apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients from treatment M90 are in close agreement with previous results obtained with calves of similar BW and receiving the same type of milk replacer (Labussiere et al, 2008a). The digestibility of nutrients from solid feeds were less than those for the milk replacer, but they are in the upper range of digestibility values reported previously for ruminating calves (Stobo et al, 1966;Ortigues et al, 1990;Ladely et al, 1995). The digestibility coefficient of starch (mainly provided by whole corn grain) from diet CO is consistent with value measured in calves of similar age and raised as true ruminants (89%; Khan et al, 2008) but is markedly greater than value measured in 10-wk-old nonruminant calves (63%; Edwards and Barre, 1977).…”

Macronutrients in Corn and Human Nutrition

“…But in vitro hydrolysis using dry‐ground corn and animal‐feeding studies using dry‐rolled corn showed that the starch in high‐lysine corn generally had a greater digestibility than that in normal corn counterparts (Ladely and others ; Hasjim and others ; Lopes and others ), which could be partly attributed to the less compact protein matrices and the higher water dispersibility of high‐lysine corn (Philippeau and others ; Larson and Hoffman ). The higher starch digestibility of high‐lysine corn improves the overall energy utilization, contributing to its greater feed‐efficiency than normal varieties (Ladely and others ; Larson and Hoffman ; Lopes and others ). However, it is not understood how cooking and other processing methods affect the starch digestibility of high‐lysine corn and how the consumption of high‐lysine corn affects glycemic and insulinemic responses.…”

Development of a DNA Microarray to Detect Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Identified in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Database

“…due to mutations in ribosomal protein genes or 23S rDNA. 6,21,27 Another example would be b-lactam resistance, which is complex because alleles differing by only one of a few SNPs can result in different phenotypes. Thus, a b-lactamase gene (e.g., bla TEM-1 ) encoding resistance to ampicillin and an extended spectrum b-lactamase gene encoding resistance to ampicillin and also to third-and fourthgeneration cephalosporins (e.g., bla TEM-37 ) differ only by an SNP.…”