High‐load strength training improves outcome in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled trial with 12‐month follow‐up

Rathleff, Michael Skovdal; Mølgaard, Carsten; Fredberg, Ulrich; Kaalund, Søren; Andersen, Karen V; Jensen, T T; Aaskov, S; Olesen, Jes

doi:10.1111/sms.12313

Cited by 106 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The SFE, along with the heel raise variations in the (Skou et al, 2012;Rathleff et al, 2014) were the only exercises appearing in more than a single study. The SFE intervention consisted of shortening the foot without curling the toes to elevate the arch, with care to avoid engaging the long toe flexors.…”

Section: Ifm Foot Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies included four randomised control trials (RCTs) (Lynn et al, 2012;Miller et al, 2014;Rathleff et al, 2014;Johnson et al, 2015) and three pre/post-test designs (Hashimoto et al, 2014;Mulligan et al, 2013;Skou et al, 2012).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IFM foot exercises (Lynn et al, 2012;Mulligan et al, 2013;Hashimoto et al, 2013), and 3. Plantar aponeurosis loading (Skou et al, 2012;Rathleff et al, 2014). Four of these seven studies stipulated loading progressions for the intervention over the duration of the study.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plantar aponeurosis loading interventions (Skou et al, 2012;Rathleff et al, 2014) exercise consisted of a single leg heel raise protocol, with toes dorsiflexed under cloth (Skou et al, 2012) and towel (Rathleff et al, 2014). This loading approach was inspired by the Carlson et al, (2000) research into the biomechanical relationship between the tendoachilles, plantar fascia and metatarsophalangeal joint dorsiflexion angle.…”

Section: Plantar Aponeurosis Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hashimoto et al (2014) was the only gender specific study (12 males). Rathleff et al (2014) Indirect IFM functional measures included Intrinsic Foot Musculature Test (Mulligan et al, 2013), Navicular height in standing (Lynn et al, 2012), Navicular drop (Mulligan et al, 2013), Arch Height Index (Mulligan et al, 2013), Arch rigidity index (Mulligan et al, 2013), Relative arch deformation (Miller et al, 2014), Lower limb physical performance tests: Star excursion balance test (Mulligan et al, 2013), The modified Star Excursion (Y-Balance) Test (Lynn et al, 2012), Single legged long jump (Hashimoto et al, 2014), Vertical jump (Hashimoto et al, 2014) and 50-metre dash (Hashimoto et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Huffer

Hing

Newton

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Please cite this article as: Huffer, D., Hing, W., Newton, R., Clair, M., Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review, Physical Therapy in Sports (2016Sports ( ), doi: 10.1016Sports ( / j.ptsp.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The aim was to critically evaluate the literature investigating strength training interventions in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and improving intrinsic foot musculature strength.A search of PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, SPORTSDiscus, EBSCO Academic SearchComplete and PEDRO using the search terms plantar fasciitis, strength, strengthening, resistance training, intrinsic flexor foot, resistance training.Seven articles met the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist. All articles showed moderate to high quality, however external validity was low.A comparison of the interventions highlights significant differences in strength training approaches to treating plantar fasciitis and improving intrinsic strength. It was not possible to identify the extent to which strengthening interventions for intrinsic musculature may benefit symptomatic or at risk populations to plantar fasciitis. There is limited external validity that foot exercises, toe flexion against resistance and minimalist running shoes may contribute to improved intrinsic foot musculature function. Despite no plantar fascia thickness changes being observed through high-load plantar fascia resistance training there are indications that it may aid in a reduction of pain and improvements in function.Further research should use standardised outcome measures to assess intrinsic foot musculature strength and plantar fasciitis symptoms.

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Section: Ifm Foot Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plantar Aponeurosis Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Huffer

Hing

Newton

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Association of Calcaneal Bone Marrow Lesions and Plantar Fascia Imaging Biomarkers With Chronic Plantar Heel Pain: A Case–Control Study

Rogers

Jones

Cook

et al. 2022

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To determine associations between chronic plantar heel pain (CPHP) and imaging biomarkers derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography.Methods. We compared 218 participants with CPHP with 100 age-and sex-matched population controls. We assessed imaging biomarkers on MRI (calcaneal bone marrow lesions [BMLs], plantar fascia [PF] signal and thickness, spurs, and fat pad signal) and B-mode/power Doppler ultrasound (PF thickness, echogenicity, and vascularity). Covariate data collected included demographic characteristics, disease history, clinical measures, and physical activity by accelerometry. Data were analyzed using multivariable conditional logistic regression.Results. Plantar calcaneal BML size (mm 2 , odds ratio [OR] 1.03 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02-1.05]), larger plantar spurs (OR for spurs >5 mm 2.15 [95% CI 1.13-4.10]), PF signal (OR for signal penetrating >50% of the dorsoplantar width 12.12 [95% CI 5.36-27.42]), PF thickness (mm, OR for MRI 3.23 [95% CI 2.36-4.43] and ultrasound OR 3.78 [95% CI 2.69-5.32]), and echogenicity ] and focally hypoechoic OR 24.92 [95% CI 9.60-64.69]) were independently associated with CPHP. PF vascularity was uncommon, occurring exclusively in cases (cases with signal n = 47 [22%]). Combining imaging biomarkers into 1 model, plantar BMLs and PF imaging biomarkers, but not fat pad signal or heel spurs, were independently associated with CPHP.Conclusion. Calcaneal BMLs and PF imaging biomarkers are associated with CPHP. Further research is required to understand whether these different markers represent distinct phenotypes of heel pain, and if so, whether there are specific treatment implications.

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Autoregulated heavy slow resistance training combined with radial shockwave therapy for plantar heel pain: Protocol for a mixed‐methods pilot randomised controlled trial

Burton

2021

Musculoskeletal Care

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Background: Plantar heel pain (PHP) is considered a tendinopathy and it affects up to 10% of the population. Both heavy slow resistance training (HSRT) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) have shown effectiveness for treating PHP in isolation. However, more comprehensive exercise protocols and progression methods are needed due to poor long-term outcomes, and better standardisation of ESWT protocols are required. Autoregulation of resistance training involves selfselecting exercise dosage based on individual factors. Although autoregulation has proven effective for strength gains in athletes, it has not been investigated in tendinopathy. Recent studies recommend that PHP should not be treated by one treatment intervention in isolation. However, there is a dearth of research investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of combined treatment interventions for PHP. Currently, no studies have investigated autoregulated HSRT combined withESWT, despite their individual efficacy. The optimal treatment protocol for PHP is unknown, and there is a need to ascertain whether the addition of ESWT to autoregulated HSRT leads to better outcomes compared to either alone.Methods: A three-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing these groups would be the ideal way to investigate this question, with a pilot RCT testing trial procedures and process evaluation required prior to a definitive RCT. Patients expectations, feasibility and acceptability of combined ESWT and exercise for PHP also remain unknown. Therefore, the addition of qualitative interviews in a mixedmethods pilot RCT would help ascertain acceptability and help explain the intervention outcomes. K E Y W O R D S extracorporeal shockwave therapy, fasciitis, plantar, resistance training, tendinopathy 1 | BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders have recently been identified as a leading global cause of disability and pain, comprising 6.7% of the total global disability-adjusted life years and the second highest (21.3%) global volume of years lived with disability (Sebbag et al., 2019).Musculoskeletal disorders can have a high morbidity for individuals and represent a vast burden to society and healthcare systems, with effective clinical treatments and recommendations lacking (March et al., 2014). In the United Kingdom, musculoskeletal disorders are responsible for 30% of all years lived with disability, and account for 25% of all General Practitioner (GP) consultations

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High‐load strength training improves outcome in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled trial with 12‐month follow‐up

Cited by 106 publications

References 35 publications

Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Association of Calcaneal Bone Marrow Lesions and Plantar Fascia Imaging Biomarkers With Chronic Plantar Heel Pain: A Case–Control Study

Autoregulated heavy slow resistance training combined with radial shockwave therapy for plantar heel pain: Protocol for a mixed‐methods pilot randomised controlled trial

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