High Levels of Circulating lnterleukin-4 and lnterleukin-10 in Kawasaki Disease

Abstract

For analysis of the cytokine network in Kawasaki disease (KD), we measured over time the plasma levels of interferon (IFN)-γ interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 in patients with KD. Fifteen patients with KD were studied. Eight healthy children were selected as control subjects. Circulating IFN-γ levels were measured by immunoradiometric assay, and IL-4 and IL-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were as follows: (1) The plasma levels of IFN-γ in KD patients in the acute phase were significantly higher than the levels of patients in the convalescent phase (p < 0.05) and those of the control children (p < 0.05). (2) The plasma levels of IL-4 in the KD patients in the acute phase were significantly higher than the levels of the patients in the convalescent phase (p = 0.001) and those of the control children (p = 0.001). (3) The plasma levels of IL-10 in the KD patients in the acute phase were significantly higher than the levels of the patients in the convalescent phase (p < 0.03) and those of the control children (p < 0.005). (4) The investigation of the relationship between the IL-4 and IFN-γ levels during the acute phase of KD demonstrated a significant reciprocal relationship (p < 0.05). (5) There was no significant relationship between the IL-4 and IL-10 levels during the acute phase. However, plasma IL-10 levels were low in the patients with high levels of plasma IL-4, and the patients with high levels of IL-10 revealed low levels of plasma IL-4. The above results suggested that a variety of patterns of cytokine production was present in the acute phase of this disease, and that the key cytokine, which might regulate the cytokine network, was IL-4.

Pachyman treatment improves CD4+CD25+ Treg counts and serum interleukin 4 and interferon�γ levels in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease

“…Previous studies have reported that patients with Kawasaki disease exhibit significantly higher serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ, Th 1 and Th 2 cytokines. These levels decrease in the recovery period, possibly resulting from activated Th 1 and Th 2 (16,17). Similarly, we found that serum IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease are significantly higher compared to those of healthy mice.…”

Differentiation of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar by PCR and their correlation with humoral and cellular immunity in individuals with clinical variants of amoebiasis.

“…Recent evidence [61][62][63] suggests an important role for IL-10, but not for IL-4 in the Th2 response. However, as has been proposed by others, [64][65][66][67] we analyzed IL-4 and IFN-␥ as indicators of Th2 and Th1, respectively. These subpopulations may in part explain the behavior observed in the cohorts of patients with invasive amoebiasis and asymptomatic carriers, considered in this study.…”

Immunotherapy Affects the Seasonal Increase in Specific IgE and Interleukin‐4 in Serum of Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

“…Specific IgE to Japanese cedar pollens was measured by the CAP system [11]. IL-4 was measured with our chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [12], and the justification of the method employed in this study has been described elsewhere [12,13]. In brief, microtitre plates were coated with mouse monoclonal antihuman IL-4 antibody (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) and after incubation with serum samples or purified recombinant IL-4 (R & D System, Minneapolis, MN, USA) plates were developed with biotinylated mouse anti-human IL-4 antibody (Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA) followed by avidine-alkaline phosphatase conjugate (Tago, Camarillo, CA, USA).…”